VII. Підкресліть модальні дієслова та їх еквіваленти. Речення перекладіть.

1. No alteration can be made in the design without the Buyers’ consent.

2. The pressure of the ice must have caused considerable damage to the vessel’s hull.

3. The laboratory was to make important scientific experiments in a very short time.

4. Care is to be taken not to overheat the substance.

5. You needn’t worry too much about it. Now it is your agent’s responsibility.

VIII. Перекладіть, звертаючи увагу на різні типи умовних речень та на вживання Subjunctive Mood.

1. If there were no friction we could not even walk.

2. It is important that each atom should be subjected to radiation.

3. If we had been given an opportunity, the work might have been finished a week ago.

4. It is necessary that all the data be sent to the Weather Bureau.

5. Every clause of a contract should be discussed and agreed lest any dispute arise afterwards.

6. If the model fits well, the observed data will be correct.

7. Had they arrived at the sale earlier, they would have found a better selection.

IX. Підкресліть герундій, визначте його форму. Речення перекладіть.  

1. On re-utilizing the wastes it will be possible to make the extractive industries more efficient.

2. Having been rubbed many substances become electrified.

3. Liquids and gases expand on heating.

4. We know of Newton’s having developed the principles of mechanics.

5. The vessel showed no sign of having been damaged by the storm.

X. Письмово перекладіть текст. (див. APPENDIX I)

Варіант № 3

I. Підкресліть в кожному реченні присудок та вкажіть його форму. Речення перекладіть.

1. Along with advances in game theory there have grown up new practical disciplines.

2. The new turbine had been working for several hours before we gave it a full load.

3. At that time the spherical joint was becoming more and more useful in the construction of glass equipment.

4. In (A) pure material is being taken off at the top, while the higher boiling component is just starting into the column.

5. I shall have been working at this problem for two years by the time he comes.

II.Перекладіть, звертаючи увагу на правила узгодження часів.

1. Я знав він пише часто листи.

2. Ми були упевнені, що вона приготувала домашнє завдання і зараз грає в шахи.

3. Вона запитала мене, чи може взяти сьогоднішню газету.

4. Мій друг зателефонував мені і сказав, що він хворий і не прийде на роботу.

5. Я чув, що ви їдете до Праги.

III. a) Підкресліть присудок, визначте його видо-часову форму та стан. Речення перекладіть.

1. These results are being extended to an infinite dimensional setting and will appear in a subsequent paper.

2. The separate elements of the building had been manufactured at different ferroconcrete factories.

3. By the end of the year the plan will have been fulfilled.

B) Напишіть речення у пасивному стані.

1. Before the exhibition closes 80 to 90 thousand people will have attended it.

2. A great crowd followed the mounted constables.

3. They are carrying out the research now.

IV. Підкресліть інфінітив, визначте його функцію. Речення перекладіть.

1. The scientist was the first to describe the phenomenon.

2. To find the mass of the electron was then of prime importance.

3. This method was not accurate enough to give reliable results.

4. They promised to speed up the loading to avoid delay in delivery.

5. The main purpose of trade by auctions is to sell goods to the highest bidder.

V. Підкресліть інфінітивні звороти, визначте їх тип:

A) For with the Infinitive Construction,

b) Objective with the Infinitive Construction,

C) Nominative with the Infinitive Construction,

D) Absolute Infinitive Construction.

Речення перекладіть.

1. The appears to be many difficulties in carrying out the experiment.

2. We heard him mention that firm’s name.

3. For the force to exist there must be objects involved.

4. They asked for a Letter of Credit to be opened with the National Bank in Toronto.

5. A cargo of 20.000 tons of cotton has been sold to an African company, the payment to be effected in cash.

VI. Підкресліть дієприкметники, визначте їх форму. Речення перекладіть.

1. The new receiver being tested will be used in this system.

2. The speed of light being very great, we cannot measure it by ordinary methods.

3. The customer wanted the cases counted and weighed.

4. Mendeleyev is regarded as having discovered the law of periodicity of the chemical elements.

5. When developing space technology engineers are facing a number of difficulties.

VII. Підкресліть модальні дієслова та їх еквіваленти. Речення перекладіть.

1. General Conditions may begin with definition of the date of delivery.

2. The instrument may have been imported because it became more accurate.

3. Our laboratory will be able to acquire the equipment of the latest design.

4. We are to take advantage of the high penetrating power of these rays.

5. You needn’t have changed the current strength at all points of the circuit.

VIII. Перекладіть, звертаючи увагу на різні типи умовних речень та на вживання Subjunctive Mood.

1. It would be much easier to compute satellite orbits if the Earth were perfectly spherical and had no atmosphere.

2. It is necessary that atomic energy should be used for industrial purposes.

3. The experiment might have been a failure if he had not taken the necessary measures in time.

4. It is desirable that the acid be diluted.

5. We took steps lest the goods be damaged in transit.

6. If the Buyers do not obtain the import license in time, the sellers will have the right to cancel the contract.

 7. Were one electron removed, a net positive charge would be left.

IX. Підкресліть герундій, визначте його форму. Речення перекладіть.

1. Winning coal from deep horizons is difficult due to high temperatures.

2. The buyers were informed of the ship having arrived at the port of destination.

3. The arrangement is worth adopting as being more economical.

4. The droplets are capable of being photographed.

5. I heard of his having been appointed director of the construction.

X. Письмово перекладіть текст. (див. APPENDIX I)

Варіант № 4

I. Підкресліть в кожному реченні присудок та вкажіть його форму. Речення перекладіть.

1. How long did it take him to complete his laboratory course?

2. They have used the conventional crystal growth methods.

3. I had been working at this problem for two years by that time.

4. Life has a purpose that must be fought for.

5. Will effective use of the system be easy?

II. Перекладіть, звертаючи увагу на правила узгодження часів.

1. Я хотів знати, коли мій брат повернеться з лікарні.

2. Вона сказала нам, що погода не змінилась.

3. Він не знав, що вони проводили експеримент в той час.

4. Ми думали, що вона добре знає англійську.

5. Він знав, що ми ніколи не були в Одесі.

III. a) Підкресліть присудок, визначте його видо-часову форму та стан. Речення перекладіть.

1. The article was published last year.

2. Such acts are forbidden by law.

3. They have not been involved in the discussion of the problem.

B) Напишіть речення у пасивному стані.

1. The gardener gathered all the dry leaves.

2. They are repairing your car now.

3. Somebody will tell you where to go.

IV. Підкресліть інфінітив, визначте його функцію. Речення перекладіть.

1. He often forgot to register the results of experiments.

2. The amount to be paid includes cost of packing.

3. The Buyers wanted to be informed of the arrival of the vessel.

4. To understand the phenomenon the laws of motion should be considered.

5. To pass electric current through is one of the ways of obtaining hydrogen.

V. Підкресліть інфінітивні звороти, визначте їх тип: