Английский язык (Гайломазова Е.С.)

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА

ВАРИАНТ 2

Выберите правильный вариант.

1. … exhibition of this museum is valuable. (any/some)

2. I can help(you/your)… in(you/your) … translation.

3. …(His/He) composition is better than (my/mine)…

4. Are there …flowers here in summer? (much/many)

5. There are … buses today and I can`t go shopping.(few/little)

6. He … in the center of Rostov. (works/work)

7. In two years we … graduate from the university. (will/are)

8. It (was/were) dark when we (come/came) home.

Переведите на русский язык.

1. Большинство достопримечательностей Лондона находятся на севере реки Темзы.

2. Этот судья такой же опытный, как и предыдущий.

3. Любой студент нашей группы может рассказать об истории Ростова.

4. Он хорошо переводит с русского на английский.

5. Чем длиннее ночь, тем короче день.

6. Никто не знал об этом эксперименте.

7. Она самая лучшая студентка в нашей группе.

8. Сдайте курсовые к понедельнику.

Задайте 4- ре типа вопроса к предложениям. 

1. The state is a product of society at a definite stage of its development.

2. Many economists argue that free enterprise is the most effective system.

Переведите следующие тексты. Выполните задания к ним.

Текст 1.

LONDON

London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre. It is a great industrial and cultural centre. Today London is one of the biggest cities in the world, and the biggest seaport in Europe.

London is a very old city. It is more than twenty centuries old¹. Its population is about ten million people.

London lies on both sides of the River Thames. The Thames is a very beautiful and wide river. It is in the south of the country and flows from west to east, into the North Sea. The River Thames divides London into two parts: the North Bank and the South Bank.

London stretches for nearly thirty miles from north to south and for nearly thirty miles from east to west.

The street traffic of London is very heavy². There is a constant stream of cars, taxis, buses and lorries. In some parts of London there are trolley-buses and trams as well.

The important parts of London are the City, the West End, the East End³, and the Westminster.

The City is the commercial part of the capital. There are most of London banks, offices and firms there.

The West End is the richest and the most beautiful part of London. There are fine mansions, theatres, museums and big shops there. Its streets and parks are the finest in the capital.

One of the busiest streets in the West End of London is Oxford Street: Regent Street is famous all over the world⁴ for its splendid shops. The main feature of Trafalgar Square is the tall Nelson monument, 185 feet high, with the figure of the seaman on the top. Admiral Lord Nelson is Britain's national hero, who destroyed the French fleet at the battle of Trafalgar in 1805.

Hyde Park covers 360 acres. It was formerly a deer park and royal hunting ground.There is «Orators Corner» in the park. It is for public meetings and the speakers who gather here are one of the park's most popular attractions.

The East End is the poorest part. There are many factories, workshops, and docks there. Most of the workers live in this part of London.

Westminster is the central part of London. Most governmental buildings are in Westminster. From the Westminster bridge we get the best view of the Houses Parliament.

¹ It (London) is more than twenty centuries old. — Ему (Лондо­ну) более 2000 лет.

² The street traffic of London is very heavy. — ДвижениевЛондонеоченьоживленное.

³theCity - Сити, деловая часть Лондона;

theWestEnd — Вест-Энд, западная часть Лондона; theEastEnd — Ист-Энд, восточная часть Лондона.

⁴ all over the world — вовсеммире.

Текст 2.

AT OXFORD

Oxford is one of the world known centres of education and learning in Britain. It is not a modern city. When we walk along its clean streets we see at once that this is an ancient town. It is about eight hundred years old.

There are buildings of different architectural styles there, but there is no contrast in- their size and material, because nearly all of them are built of the same soft gray limestone and have the same arrangement.

There are many students in the streets in their traditional black gowns. At Oxford University no student may call on a tutor or attend a lecture without his or her gown, therefore the students wear them in all weather, or carry them over arm or shoulder.A British University consists of a number of colleges.The lectures and examinations for the whole body of students are arranged by the university authorities. The colleges provide for residence and tutoring which, means personal instruction of the students by the Don.A Don is a college instructor who directs the studies of undergraduates, not more than four in number at a time.

The tutorial system of education has many advantages. The tutor is a great help to his students: he decides what lectures they must attend, recommends them books for reading, discusses and criticizes their written work and knows all about their discipline inside and outside the college. The disadvantage lies in the fact that there are many tutors with a reactionary outlook foreign to the way of thinking of the young generation. By means of personal contact the tutor may influence the political and social ideas of the students under his control.

How do the undergraduates live at Oxford? There are resident and non-resident students living in lodgings which are inspected by the college administration.

Let us go up the narrow old wooden staircase at St. John's College, along a corridor and look into a room for 2 students.Both of them, as the majority of the student body, are sons of rich parents. Years ago both their fathers and grandfathers studied at the same college and occupied the same room. Now their sons and grandsons live there, spend as much time on sport, wine and pleasure as their fathers did, and are members of the same club.Since the boys are out we can have a good look at their lodging. The room is square, smallish but cosy. There is a table, 2 or 3 chairs, a pair of armchairs and a bookcase full of books. The floor is covered with a soft carpet. On the wall there are pictures, landscapes and family photographs. A bright fire is burning in the fireplace. In one corner there stands some sports equipment.

Текст 3.

THE UNITED KINGDOM

The United Kingdom, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is an island nation and constitutional monarchy in north-western Europe, member of the European Union (EU).

Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles. It comprises, together with numerous smaller islands, England and Scotland, and the principality of Wales. Northern Ireland, also known as Ulster, occupies the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland.The United Kingdom is bordered to the south by the English Channel, which separates it from continental Europe, to the east by the North Sea, and to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The only land border is between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The total area of the United Kingdom is 242 sq km. The capital and largest city is London.

The names «United Kingdom», «Great Britain», and «England» are often used interchangeably. The use of «Great Britain», often shortened to «Britain», to describe the whole kingdom is common and widely accepted, although strictly it does not include Northern Ireland.However, the use of «England» to mean the «United Kingdom» is not acceptable to members of the other constituent countries, especially the Scots and the Welsh.England and Wales were united administratively, politically, and legally by 1543. The crowns of England and Scotland were united in 1603, but the two countries remained separate political entities until the 1707 Act of Union, which formed the Kingdom of Great Britain with a single legislature. From 1801, when Great Britainand Ireland were united, until the formal establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, the kingdom was officially named the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Hong Kong, which has 200,000 population, was returned to China in 1997.

The mainland of the island of Great Britain is 974 km at its longest and 531 km at its widest; however, the highly indented nature of the island's coastline means that nowhere is more than about 120 km from the sea.

The climate of the United Kingdom is mild relative to its latitude, which is the same as that of Labrador in Canada. The mildness is an effect of the warm Gulf Stream. This current brings the prevailing south-west winds that moderate winter temperatures and bring the depressions which have the main day-to-day influence on the weather. The western side of the United Kingdom tends to be warmer than the eastern; the south is warmer than the north. The mean annual temperature is 6 °C in the far north of Scotland; 11 'C in the south-west of England. Winter temperatures seldom are below — 10 °C and summer temperatures rarely higher than 32 °C. The sea winds also bring plenty of moisture; average annual precipitation is more than 1,000 mm.Rain tends to fall throughout the year, frequently turning to snow in the winter, especially in Scotland, the mountains of Wales, and northern England. The western side of Britain is much wetter than the eastern: average rainfall varies is from 5,000 mm in the western Highlands of Scotland, to less than 500 mm in parts of East Anglia in England.

The population of United Kingdom is more than 56 mln people, but it is one of the world's leading commercial and industrialized nations. In terms of gross national product (GNP) it ranks fifth in the world, with Italy, after the United States, Japan, Germany, and France.

islandnation - островное государство

constitutionalmonarchy — конституционная монархия

EuropeanUnion — Европейский союз

tocomprise - включать                                   

numerous — многочисленнее

principality - многочисленные

NorthSea - Северное море

interchangeably — взаимозаменяемое

toaccept — принимать, допускать

strictly - строго, здесь строго говоря

include — включать

constituent — составляющий

administratively - административно

entities - здесь субъекты

single - здесь единая

indented - здесь изрезанная

latitude - широта географическая

prevailing - преобладающий

moderate — умеренные

depressions - здесь циклоны

mean - средний

throughout - на всем протяжении

averageannualprecipitation — среднегодовое количество осадков

intermsof — говоря (о чем-либо)

GNP (GrossNationalProduct) - валовой национальный продукт

Exercise 1. TranslateintoEnglish

1. Официальное название Великобритании - Соединенное Ко­ролевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии.

2. Соединенное Королевство является членом Европейского со­юза и конституционной монархией.

3. Северная Ирландия занимает северо-восточную часть остро­ва Ирландия.

4. Пролив Ла-Манш отделяет Соединенное Королевство от кон­тинентальной Европы.

Exercise 2. Use the following phrases and word combinations to retell the text:

1. As I understood from the text...

2. According to the text...

3. According to the author...

4. As it is described in the text...

5. As it is said in the text...

6. As the author puts it...

7. According to the figures (data, information, opinions) from the text...

Exercise 3. Discuss the following statements. Use the following phrases to express your opinion:

1. It seem to me (that)...

2. I would like to say that...

3. As I see it...

4. I think that...

5. I guess...

6. I suppose...

7. I (strongly) believe that...

8. I am (absolutely) sure that...

Statement A: The United Kingdom is a small country. It is one of the leading countries now because it had many rich colonies in the past.

Statement B: UK will loose Northern Ireland soon and Wales and Scotland later, like it lost Hong Kong in 1997, because of the differences in languages, culture and history.

Statement C: British people don't travel much because they live not top far from the sea (ocean).

Текст 4.