Have another look at the dialogue and ...

Упражнение № 4. Read the following paying attention to the sounds [s] and [z]:

my husband says so                         follow me, please

for my own use                                 here it is

my friend has bought one               it was delivered yesterday

recently                                               it was sold yesterday

she simply adores it                          you get a great price

Упражнение № 5. Find the English equivalents in the dialogue:

– Я должна буду что-то заплатить при возврате автомобиля?

– Нет, платить ничего не нужно.

Упражнение № 6. Repeat all the sentences:

which the lady said,

which the salesman said.

Упражнение № 7. Read the following text and try to understand it.

Text: Market schema

Market structure – conduct – performance schema is an analyti­cal framework to investigate the operation of market processes.

Markets are ultimately judged in terms of their economic per­formance, that is, how well they have contributed to the achievement of optimal economic efficiency. Market performance is determined fundamentally by the interaction of market structure and market con­duct. The schema attempts to identify those structural and conduct parameters which have a strategic influence on market performance.

The schema is useful to public-policy makers to improve market performance. Such measures can operate on market structure, for example, to prohibit mergers which increase market concentration or to encourage mergers in industries suffering excess capacity. Alterna­tively, such measures may operate on market conduct, for example, to eliminate excess profits if price-fixing agreements between firms are prohibited. Additionally, the authorities may operate directly on market performance and regulate the prices charged by monopolistic suppliers.

Do you know these words?

Grammar: Participle I(Read Grammar appendix: Lesson 5)

Упражнение № 8. Read the sentences and underline Participles I, translate the sentences:

Its market share was 42.8 per cent excluding mini-vehicles.

The company's declining popularity is one of the main challenges.

Toyota faces these challenges in the coming months.

The strong performance was attributed to the company's cost-cutting programme and other factors.

In an increasingly globalised world, economic imperatives can be seen as a most powerful force shaping human behaviour.

Adopting a broad definition of culture, the work explores the eco­nomic dimensions of culture.

Grammar: Attributes

Упражнение № 9. Underline the attributes and translate these word combina­tions:

market performance, conductparameters, decliningsales, increasing prices, achievement of efficiency,industries sufferingexcesscapacity

car dealer original price the world's third largest carmaker its first-quarter operating profits strong sales of luxury vehicles

the first quarterly results increase in operating profits  environmentally friendly products product-range strategy  changes in demand and supply

Have another look at the text and ...

Упражнение № 10. Underline attributes and nouns they relate to; translate the word combinations into Russian.

Упражнение № 11. Translate into Englis.

Монопольные поставщики; поставщики-монополисты; стратегическое влияние на состояние рынка; соглашения, фиксирующие на определенное время опреде­ленную цену; отрасли промышленности, в которых наблюдается избыток производственных мощностей; схема взаимодействия структуры, поведения и состояния рынка.

Упражнение № 12. Translate the text into Russian.

Newspaper item to translate: H & M market conditions improving

Hennes & Mauritz, the international fashion retailer, yesterday reported stronger-than-expected sales growth in July and said market conditions were improving in its US stores.

Sales in July were 18 per cent above the same month a year ear­lier, and, although the company didn't release like-for-like figures, it said that it had only increased the number of stores by 10 per cent during the period.

The company also said it did not expect any material impact from the floods in Europe – Austria and Germany account for more than a third of sales – which had closed some stores.

Leif Persson, chief financial officer, said the sales increase had been broadly the same across most countries. The group has more than 800 stores in Europe and the US.

In the past year, the company has worked to cut inventories to reduce the need for discounted sales. 'We have probably had the right garments in the shops and we have been able to display them well. We have not had a lot of old garments around and this gives the new item a better visibility, Mr Persson said.

H & M entered the US market in March 2000 and has struggled with costs and lower-than-expected sales. Mr Persson said growth in the first half had been 'a little bit slower' than in the rest of the group, but that it was 'getting better all the time'.

Earlier this year, the company said it was halving the pace of its US expansion in order to focus on existing stores. It now has 34 in the US and is expected to open another eight or nine before the end of the year.

Sagra Maceira de Rosen, analyst at JP Morgan, said: H & M typically outperforms higher-priced rivals in weak market conditions as shoppers seek cheaper purchases.

Упражнение № 13.  Write an essay on one of these topics using the material of the lesson and other English/Russian sources:

1) Market schema and conditions,