Text “Visit in the Zoo” (part I)

   Modern zoological gardens serve today as educational, scientific and protective establishments. The aim of present zoological gardens is to enable young people to receive a positive relationship towards nature and animals and they help them to realize the necessity of protecting the entire living environment.

We should not to forget that man had already destroyed hundreds of thousands of nectars of the original natural environment and extirpated hundreds of animal species. We found out that every minute three hectares of tropical forests disappear from the Earth and can only hardly be replaced. Thus wild animals lose their homes. Most of the animals cannot adapt themselves to the changed conditions and in most of the destroyed areas entire populations and often entire species become extinct. Almost every day one animal species dies out, including invertebrates. Other hundred of species are in danger of direct extinction or in danger of dying out owing to the destruction of the habitat.

  It stands to reason, that zoological gardens cannot save all the endangered species. Unfortunately, they have no such possibilities. It is not sufficient to breed two or there pairs of individual species. It is necessary to have several tens of pairs which are not related to each other. There were many animals that were deprived of breeding success when kept in captivity, nevertheless, today animals are being bred regularly on the basis of scientific research. In this respect the zoological gardens can help significantly to save many species.

   At present, there are almost 1.000 large zoological gardens in the world (and many hundreds of small zoological gardens). There are approximately 360 zoological gardens in Europe alone. All the scientifically directed zoos keep a record of their animal breeding.

Task 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning.

            Zoological, nature, hectares, original, populations, individual, tropical.

Task 2. Write the following nouns in plural:

            garden, condition, possibility, animal, establishment, man, pair, zoo.

Task 3. Form the adjectives from the following nouns:

            education, science, protection, nature, origin, change, danger, information,     

        condition, zoology.

Task 4.Give the Past Passive of the following verbs:

      model: to give  ® was born

    to serve , to receive, to help, to find, to lose, to breed, to destroy.

Task 5.Insert the right word:

     to breed , a record, conditions, to enable

1. The aim of present zoological gardens is …young people to receive a positive relationship towards nature and animals.

2. Most of the animals cannot adapt themselves to the changed … .

3. It is not sufficient …two or there pairs of individual species.

4. All the scientifically directed zoos keep of their animal breeding.

Task 6. Answer the questions on the text:

1. What is the main of the present zoological gardens?

2. What are the results of human’s action on the environment?

3. In what way can zoological gardens help to save many species?

4. What information can be found out from the brood book?

Task 7.Complete the sentences:

      1. Modern zoological gardens serve today as …, … and   

          … establishments.

      2. Every minute three hectares of tropical forests …from the Earth    

         and can only hardly be replaced.

      3. It is not …to breed two or there pairs of individual species.

      4. Zoological gardens cannot … all the endangered species.

      5. They help them to realize the necessity of … the entire living  

           environment.

Task 8. Divide the text into parts and give a name to each of them.

Task 9. Make a short summary of the text. Use the following words and 

        word – combinations:

          to serve

          to enable

          the aim of zoological gardens

          to keep a record

          in this respect

          brood book

  Text “Visit in the Zoo” (part II)

  Many zoological gardens publish various specialized magazines, annual bulletins and other publications in order to spread information on the breeding of animals in captivity. In addition, they organize international symposia concerning a certain topic, such as the symposium held in Slimbridge to save the flamingoes. 

The Prague zoo was the initiator of the international symposium concerning the saving of the Pryewalski’s horse. Other international and national symposia and seminars are concerned with the treatment of various diseases of wild animals bred in captivity or the construction of modern pavillons for exotic animals, problems of educational activity, etc.

    Finally, zoological gardens represent a source of research for a whole range of scientific branches. They enable scientists to study ethology throughout the whole yea, which is rather difficult to observe in the wild nature. We may also study here all the characteristic features regarding the birth of mammals or the incubation period of birds’ eggs,etc.

     Naturally, successful breeding of animals in captivity requires a detailed knowledge of the life in the wild nature. Therefore research workers do not only study animals in zoos but they also engage in versatile studies of animals in their natural habitat. They can thus observe and introduce various important features into the breeding programme without which the animals in captivity could not survive.

     The protection and breeding of rare and endangered animal species is one of the principal tasks of modern zoological gardens which help to save the gene-fund in order to preserve the Earth’s fauna for the future generations.    

Task 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning.

Publications,  information, flamingo, initiator, pavillon, programme, symposia, fauna.

Task 2. Write the following nouns in plural:

Branch, disease, magazine, feature, bulletin.

Task 3. Give nouns corresponding to the following verbs.

-ment:          to publish, to treat, to require, to engage, to concern.

-ion(ation) to organize, to construct, to observe, to engage, to preserve,

                 to protect, to add, to observe.

-ing           to breed, to study, to save.

Task 4. Give the Past Passive of the following verbs:

      model: to take  ® was taken

to save, to concern, to observe, to require, to engage, to survive.

 Task 5. Read the text. Find sentences with the following words and word

     combinations and give the Kazakh (Russian) equivalents:

1. the spread information

2.the breeding of animals

3. to save the flamingoes

4.exotic animals

5. to study ethology

6.the birth of mammals

7. to preserve the Earth’s fauna

Task 6. Answer the questions on the text:

1. What do many zoological gardens publish?

2. What do they organize?

3. What are international and national symposia concerned with?

4. What is the main task of modern zoological gardens?

Task 7.Complete the sentences:

1. Zoological gardens represent …for a whole range of scientific branches.

2. They organize international symposia concerning a certain topic, such as the symposium held in Slimbridge …
3.Successful breeding of animals in captivity requires a detailed …the wild nature.

4. They can thus …and …various important features into the breeding programme without which the animals in captivity could not survive.

Task 8. Make a short summary of the text. Use the following words and 

        word – combinations:

zoological gardens

international symposia

wild animals

modern pavillons

to save the gene-fund

rare and endangered animals species

Актюбинский государственный

Педагогический институт

Сагиева А. Т.

Сборник

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