Task 4. Give the Past Indefinite Tense of the following verbs:            

 to be born, to spend, to find, to devote, to develop, to prey, to give, to grant,

 to compete.

Task 5. Find the pairs of synonyms and remember them:

to compete, to receive, to return, to perish, to obtain, to die.

Task 6. Find pairs of antonyms and remember them:

 rich            answer

 question     weak

strong   poor

to be born   complex

simple         to die  

Task 7. Read the text. Find sentences with the following word

     combinations and give the Kazakh (Russian) equivalents.

1. rich stores of knowledge

2. new kinds of creatures

3. the theory of evolution

4. the preservation of favourable individual differences and variations

5. natural selection

6. to avoid destruction

Task 8. Answer the questions on the text.

1. Darwin’ father was a distinguished physician, wasn’t he?

2. Why didn’t Darwin become a physician?

3. What did Darwin find out during his scientific expedition?

4. What does his theory of evolution explain?

5. In what book did Darwin develop his theory?

6. What is natural selection?

7. What is a struggle for life?

8. Who survives in the struggle for life?

9. Why do all creatures as the generations pass develop new and different variations?

10. Did the learned societies in Great Britain recognize Darwin as a great scientist?

11. How did the government of Great Britain treat Darwin?

12. When did Darwin die?

Task 9. Agree or disagree with the following statements using the following openings for your answers: It is true…. The statement is not correct. … . That is only partly true….

1. Darwin’s father was a distinguished physician and Charles also had great aptitude for it.  

2. He devoted himself to the study of medicine.

3. He returned convinced that man and all the creatures on the earth today are related. All of them descended from one or a very few forms of life.

4. Darwin’s book was a surprise for the learned world.

5. Darwin was sure that in the world of nature there is no struggle for life.

6. Darwin was buried in Westminster Abbey and it  was the only honour ever   

granted him by ultra respectable government of Great Britain under Queen   

Victoria.

Task 10. Make a short summary of the text. Use the following words and word -       combinations:

      naturalist

    to have aptitude for

    the world of nature

    the learned world

    the theory of evolution

    to descend from

Text “Evolution in action”

About 120 years ago Charles Darwin published his famous and controversial book “On the Origin of Species”. In this book Darwin put forward his idea that species of animals and plants evolve in response to the changing pressures of the environment. At that time this notion met with fierce opposition. Even today some people do not accept evolution as the major force shaping plants, animals- and even mankind.

 One argument is that no one has ever witnessed evolution in action. No one has ever witnessed evolution in action. No one has observed one species turn into another. Evolutionists have pointed out that the process of speciation is very slow. In fact, they thought it was much too slow ever to be observed directly. But now research at Macquarie University in Australia has revealed an opportunity to observe the process of evolution in rock wallabies.

  Rock wallabies are small members of the kangaroo family. While studying the different species of rock wallabies in Australia, Dr David Briscoe found a new species that is now 90 per cent separate from other rock wallabies. The species is still just about capable of breeding with other rock wallabies, though the offspring are usually sterile.

Task1. Read the international words and guess their meaning.

Evolution, natural, selection, genetic, kangaroo, colony

Task2. Write the following nouns in plural:

 wallaby, plant, animal, colony, process, member.

Task 3. Find the pairs of synonyms and remember them:

  species, to notice, to shape, to research, evolution, to put forward, types,   

development, to form, to observe, to offer, to point out.

Task4. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct Tense:

1. About 120 years ago Charles Darwin (to publish) his famous book.

2. At that time this notion (to meet) with fierce opposition.

3. Even today some people not (to accept) evolution as the major force shaping plants, animals and even mankind.

4. One argument is that no one ever (to witness) evolution in action.

5. No one (to observe) one species turn into another.

6. Rock wallabies (to be) small members of the kangaroo family.

 Task5. Read the text. Find sentences with the following word

     combinations and give the Kazakh (Russian) equivalents.

1. evolution in action

2. rock wallaby

3. to put forward

4. fierce opposition

5. to observe directly

6. genetic studies     

Task6. Answer the questions on the text.

1. When did Charles Darwin publish his famous book “On the Origin of Species”?

2. What idea did he put forward in his book?

3. What have evolutionists pointed out?

4. What can you say about rock wallabies?

Task 7. Complete the sentences.

1. In his book Darwin … … the idea that species of animals and plants evolve … … … the changing pressure of the environment.

2. At that time this notion met with … opposition.

3. Even today some people do not …evolution.

4. One argument is that no one has ever …evolution in….

5. The species is still just about …of breeding with other rock  

wallabies, though the offspring are usually sterile.