These sentences are not true. Correct them.

a) Activity of militia is not under construction to principles of respect of the rights.

b) In the law "About militia" it is spoken about gambling and bribery.

c) The militia is not forbidden to resort to tortures, violence.

5. Complete the following sentences:

a) In "the law on militia" functions of militia…

b) Activity of militia is under construction…

c) The militia is forbidden…

6. Give English equivalents for:

безопасность человека

предупреждение

сокращение роста преступности

административные правонарушения

общественная безопасность

имущество

деятельность милиции

принципы уважения

насилие

превосходство человека

физическая сила

равные права

обстоятельства

Text 6

1. Translate these words and word-combinations:

maintenance

order

volunteer

imperial

initial sense

strike

government

replacement

decision

affinity

protection

exist

2. Read and translate the text:

History

Till now in the majority of the countries of the world, and before October revolution - and in Russia too, militia the armed formations intended for maintenance of the order, formed of volunteers and not a part of official system of the state law enforcement bodies referred to. In imperial Russia groups of militia (in initial sense) were formed during large strikes, other mass actions against authority.

After February revolution the case of gendarmes and department of police (the decision of Provisional government from March, 6^th, 1917 and from March, 10^th, 1917) have been liquidated. Then replacement of police «national militia» which has been created on the basis of the decision «About the statement of militia» and «Time (Temporary) regulations about of militia» from April, 17^th, 1917 has been proclaimed. Thus, «militia» created under the name system actually was police (public service of maintenance of the order). The name has been changed to emphasize affinity to interests of people and that the new organization did not associate with old police and the gendarmerie served by symbols of an old regime. In parallel with state national militia the groups of working militia created by local Advice (Councils) for maintenance of the order at mass actions and organizations of protection of the enterprises continued to be organized and exist.

3. Answer the following questions:

a) When hase the department of police been liquidated?

b) What has been proclaimed after February revolution?

c) For what purpose has “police” been changed?

These sentences are not true. Correct them.

a) Replacement of militia “national police” which has been created on the basis of the decision has been proclaimed.

b) In parallel with the local national militia the groups of working militia continued to be organized.

c) “Police” created under the name system was “militia”.

6. Complete the following sentences:

a) In the majority of the countries…

b) After February revolution…

c) “Militia” created under the name…

6. Give English equivalents for:

правила

большинство

поддерживать порядок

государственные правоохранительные органы

департамент полиции

быть ликвидированным

быть установленным

быть организованным

Text 7

1. Translate these words and word-combinations:

to cancel

official body

to be abolished

to be transmid

Council

civil authorities

state weapon

technical forces

regular structure

voluntary formations

Local Advice

amateur

irrespective

2. Read and translate the text:

October revolution has cancelled all system of official bodies, including militia. At that time over the ruling clique of Russia was dominated with opinion, that the army and police should be abolished, and their functions - are transferred (transmitted) to directly armed people (look Anarchy). The decree of People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs «About working militia» from October, 28^th (on November, 10th on H.With.) 1917 (1) has been established: 

«All Advice (Councils) of working and soldier’s deputies establish working militia. The working militia is entirely and exclusive in charge of Advice (Council) of working and soldier’s deputies, Military and civil authorities are obliged to promote (assist) arms of working militia and supply by its (her) technical forces down to supply by its state weapon, the Present (True) law is put into operation on telegraph».

This day (on November, 10^th) till now is celebrated in Russia as «Day of militia». Having passed through a plenty of reorganization, the militia has existed till now, having kept both the name, and the basic functions.

Thus, the militia has been founded, but militian bodies had no regular structure and were, actually, voluntary formations. About one year after that militias as the state organization, did not exist. On places earlier existed formations of militia somewhere have been dismissed, somewhere are reorganized. Local Advice (Councils) created and supported own militian groups.

It has been very soon realized, that the system of protection of the law and order cannot exist and is effective function, being a set of amateur voluntary groups. In March, 1918 the commissioner of People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs has brought the government a attention to the question on a reconstruction of militia as the state organization. On May, 10th, 1918 the board of People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs has accepted the order: «the Militia exists as constant staff of the persons executing special duties, the organization of militia should be carried out irrespective of Red Army, their functions should be strictly differentiated». On its basis organizational documents have been generated, the project of “workers’- and peasants’ militia» is made. On October, 21^st, 1918 People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs approved «the Instruction on the organizations of the Soviet workers’- and-peasants’ militia». 

3. Answer the following questions:

a) What has cancelled all system of official bodies, including militia?

b) What did the decree of People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs speak about?

c) When do people celebrate “Day of militia”?

These sentences are not true. Correct them.

a) The militia has been founded but militian bodies had regular structure.

b) The system of protection of the law and order can exist effective function.

c) On November, 10, 1923 People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs has approved “the instruction on the organizations of the Soviet workers’- and-peasants’ militia”.

5. Complete the following sentences:

a) At that time over the…

b) The working militia is…

c) In March, 1918 the commissioner…

6. Give English equivalents for:

официальный орган

мнение

быть установленным

комитет

поддержка

оружие

основные функции

реорганизовать

система охраны закона

эффективная функция

специальные обязанности

крестьяне

UNIT 4

INVESTIGATION OF CRIME

Text 1.