Observation of a crime scene.

КРАСНОДАРСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ МВД РОССИИ

М.Н. Кунина

Учебное пособие

Работа милиции. Расследование преступлений. Осмотр места происшествия. Борьба с незаконным оборотом наркотиков. Допрос. Вещественные доказательства

Краснодар

2009

Печатается по решению

редакционно-издательского совета

Краснодарского университета МВД России

Рецензенты:

Л.Г. Ярмолинец, кандидат филологических наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой иностранных языков КГУФКС и Т;

И.В Мятченко, кандидат филологических наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой русского и иностранных языков Краснодарского университета МВД России.

Кунина М.Н.

Учебное пособие для курсантов, слушателей и студентов по специальностям 030505.65 – Правоохранительная деятельность, 030501.65 – юриспруденция по темам:«Работа милиции. Расследование преступлений. Осмотр места происшествия. Борьба с незаконным оборотом наркотиков. Допрос. Вещественные доказательства».

Краснодар: Краснодарский университет МВД России, 2009г. – 166 стр.

Учебное пособие написано в соответствии с государственным образовательным стандартом для курсантов, слушателей, студентов, обучающихся по специальностям 030501.65 – юриспруденция, 030505.65 – правоохранительная деятельность. Пособие может быть использовано как для аудиторных, так и для внеаудиторных занятий.

Краснодарский университет

МВД России, 2009 г.

Данное учебное пособие рассчитано на круг людей, изучающих английский язык и овладевающих лексико-грамматической базой английского языка, а также на студентов неязыковых ВУЗов юридической направленности (4 семестр).

Цель пособия – расширить словарный запас, активизировать языковые и речевые навыки, научить обсуждать вышеперечисленные проблемы.

Пособие содержит большое количество базовых текстов, специальных текстов с разнообразными упражнениями, приложение в виде подборки дополнительных текстов для внеаудиторного чтения.

IDENTIFICATION IN POLICE INVESTIGATION

Identity in Different Types of Crimes

Identity (Who) in Burglary

The search for the identity of the burglar should begin at the very outset of an investigation. Once the investigation has established the corpus delicti of burglary, the investigation should be centered on the identity and apprehension of the burglar. Identity of the burglar is known to be established in many ways. Many burglars are seen by people inside the place and are apprehended and identified by their description of them. Sometimes witnesses may see the burglar move, but not realize that the burglary has been committed until later. Eye-witnesses may identify such suspects, describe a known burglar, or someone who was acting suspiciously near the place. An investigation of known burglars may reveal that this person was in the vicinity. Examination of the modus operandi may reveal evidence of similar characteristics in a known burglar’s handiwork (работа, рукоделие).

Stolen goods may be found, traced to the burglar and his identity established. A suspect may be away from his usual place at the time the burglary was committed. Stool pigeons (осведомитель) are often invaluable in revealing the identity of burglars. The fact that a person supports himself or spends money freely without visible means of support may reveal identity. Fingerprints, footprints, tool marking and other physical evidence are certain to establish leads (руководство/указание) to identity.

Flight (бегство) or absence of a certain person during an investigation may give leads to clues to his identity.

All these characteristics and many others are expected to be the means which first point to a certain person as suspected, and, later, identify the burglar. Identity proves to be the best established when there are confessions, admissions, or identifications by eye-witnesses. If the evidence allows presumption of guilt the case is ready for prosecution and arrest.

I. Выпишите из текста 3 предложения с модальными глаголами, дайте их перевод.

II. Выпишите из текста комплексы с инфинитивом (Complex Subject and Complex Object). Предложения переведите.

III. Выпишите из текста предложения с глаголами в страдательном залоге, укажите видо-временную форму глагола. Предложения переведите.

IV. Переведите следующие предложения. Подчеркните герундий.

Пример:

1. There are different methods of prosecuting offenders.

Существуют различные методы преследования правонарушителей.

2. I remember of his having already been questioned before the trial..

Я помню, что его уже допрашивали перед судебным разбирательством.

1. A British police officer is to subject to the law and may be sued or prosecuted for any wrongful act, committed in carrying out duties.

2. He was fined for being drunk in charge of a car.

3. You should be ashamed of yourself for behaving so badly.

4. It’s no good arguing.

5. Police may issue cautions, and in Scotland the procurator fiscal may warn, instead of prosecuting.

V. Переведите предложения, подчеркните конструкции с инфинитивом, укажите вид конструкций.

UNIT 1

OBSERVATION OF A CRIME SCENE.

1. Translate the following words and word-combinations:

location, action, accurate, commission, specific, detail, individual, process, general, final, stage, problem, scene, protection, techniques, situation, reconstruct, analyse, operational, plan, object, position, company, instrument, cigarette, cigar, material, note, negative, fact, natural, hypothesis, pack, trace, laboratory.

2. Some new words for the text:

area – площадь,район,область

point - указывать

circumstances - обстоятельства

significant – значительный,важный,существенный

enable – давать возможность

frequently - часто

narrow – суживать(ся),уменьшать(ся)

preliminary - предварительный

detain - задерживать

witness – зд. понятой

participant - участник

urgent – срочный,крайне необходимый

summon - вызывать

overlook - 1.проглядеть; 2.не заметить

blood - кровь

stain - пятно

instrument - орудие

stub - окурок

ash – зола,пепел

striking – поразительный,замечательный

dress - одеваться

behave – вести себя

Special vocabulary for speech.

насильственное проникновение   

с целью совершения преступления      

кража со взломом            - burglary

воровство                  - larceny

воровство, кража            - theft

убийство, лишение человека жизни – homicide, murder

дорожное преступление      - traffic crime

автомобиль, машина          - motor vehicle

угон автомашины            - motor vehicle theft (auto theft)

оказать первую помощь       

потерпевшему                  - to give first aid to a victim

вызвать машину скорой помощи - call an ambulance

мысленно воссоздать происшествие

(события преступления)      - reconstruct the happening

оценить что-либо            - make an estimate of ...

снимать гипсовые слепки     - make plaster casts

следы пальцев               - fingerprints

следы ног                   - footprints (footmarks)

проявить и снять следы пальцев - develop and take fingerprints

фотографировать             - take pictures of ...

выдвинуть версию            - build a hypothesis

делать выводы               - make the conclusions

упаковать вещественные доказательства

(следы преступления)           - pack the traces of the crime

криминалистическая лаборатория - crime laboratory

составить протокол          - make a record

принять во внимание         - take into consideration

возбудить уголовное дело    - bring a criminal action

4. Read and translate the text:

Observation of a crime scene.

What is a crime scene? Crime scene means the place or the area where the crime such as burglary, larceny, homicide or murder, traffic crime or motor vehicle theft, etc. takes place. The scene is the central location toward which all evidence points before, during and after the crime.

Crime scene search is an action of the investigator consisting of his direct survey of the happening, collecting and protecting evidence to establish circumstances which are significant for the investigation. To observe and examine a crime scene properly is essential for quick and accurate crime solution. It is one of the most important sources of information concerning commission of the crime which enables the officer to answer with specific details the questions: What? Where? When? How? Why? Who? and What for?

Not infrequently an experienced investigator manages to narrow the investigation and search down to a single individual after a careful study of the crime scene.

The process of a crime scene search usually includes four stages: the preliminary, general observation, detailed search and final stages.

At the preliminary stage the investigator takes measures to detain any suspect or suspects, ensures crime scene protection, establishes eyewitnesses of the crime, prepares proper crime techniques, chooses and instructs witnesses, gets information of the happening. And of course he gives first aid to a victim if it's necessary or calls an ambulance. If the patrol officer happens to arrive at the crime scene first it is he who performs the most urgent preliminary crime scene search actions, i.e. detaining any suspect, providing aid to any victim, securing the crime scene, establishing eyewitnesses, summoning assistance if necessary.

At the stage of general observation the investigator is to observe the general appearance of the situation noting everything at the scene. To conduct a crime scene search properly the investigator reconstructs the happening, analyses the operational conditions, makes an estimate of the situation and develops and follows a definite way of doing his job. He makes a plan for the search and informs the participants of the search what and where to search minding not to destroy and overlook any valuable evidence. He also ensures taking pictures of the scene and its objects, making plaster casts of footprints and developing and taking fingerprints.

At the stage of detailed examination the investigator tries to answer a lot of different questions: Is it possible to identify the salient features of the criminal's modus operandi? What are these features? Where was the entrance to the scene? What approaches are there to the scene? What was the criminal's way of entering it? Are there any traces of criminal act, e. g. fingerprints, footmarks, blood stains on the objects? Whose prints are they? Was the criminal moving any objects from their positions? Was the evil-doer alone or in a company with another? Do they always work together? What were they going to do? What instruments do they usually use? What instruments was the criminal using in this case? Are there cigarette stubs or ashes? Does the criminal smoke cigars or cigarettes? Was he smoking at the crime scene? Who can it be? What are his distinctive marks? What is the most unusual feature of his appearance? How does he dress? What was strange in his actions? Why does he behave so strangely? The successful investigator does not forget to note negative facts: Why is the weapon absent? Why are there no fingerprints or blood stains when it is natural to find them? etc. The answers to all those and many other questions help the investigator to build a hypothesis of the crime commission.

At the final part of observation the investigator makes conclusions taking into consideration all available information, packs the traces of the crime for a crime laboratory, makes a record of the crime scene observation and if necessary brings the criminal action.

5. Read and translate into Russian the following word combinations:

this burglary, these larcenies, that theft, those homicides, any theft, any motor vehicle theft, all conclusions, some fingerprints, no footprints, another victim, other traces, every area, each record, many stubs, much blood, more participants, few stages, a very useful hypothesis, the very witness, such object, that happening, his fingerprints, some plaster casts, your mind, their minds, every commission, our position, few stains, some instruments, all circumstances, any area, record, our area, most areas, more facts, many footprints, each murder, other participants.