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RADIO AND TV MARCH AHEAD

More than 100 years passed since the day when the Russian scientist Alexander Popov demonstrated his "storm indicator" which was the prototype of modern radio receivers.

Great progress has been made in radio engineering, radio communications, radio broadcastings and television since that time. We have become so used to these means of communication that we can't imagine j our life without them.

In the modem world, radio and television play an important role as a mass media of information and as a means of people's political and cultural education.

There is hardly a spot on the whole vast territory of Russia where there is no radio. The voice of Russian radio is heard all over the world. Today a great number of radio broadcasting stations in our country transmit all-day long programmes to other countries in about 50 languages.

Modem means of radio engineering cover the greater part of the globe with long, medium and ultra-short radio waves. New radio stations are being built and equipped with the most modem instruments.

Television is also developing rapidly in our country. At present Russia has a TV system which is among the largest in the world. It includes 120 TV centres which make their own programmes. The construction of the world's biggest television centre, the Moscow centre, which is housed in the 533-metre high Ostankino television tower had been completed by 1970. All programmes which are broadcast by the Moscow centre are in colour. TV broadcasts go out from Moscow every day on about 15 channels and total about 200 hours of broadcasting in every 24-hour period. There is a regular international exchange of TV programmes as well. Our television is linked up with Intervision and Eurovision international systems.

Work on the improvement of space television and broadcasting is of great interest. The application of powerful outerspace relays makes possible televising programmes directly to huge territories.

The aim of Russian radio and TV is to provide listeners and viewers with an objective review of events taking place in Russia and in the world.

10. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. When did Alexander Popov demonstrate his "storm indicator"?

2. What was the "storm indicator"?

3. Why can't we imagine our life without radio and television?

4. What role do radio and television play in the modem world?

5. How many radio broadcasting stations work in our country?

6. In how many languages are programmes to other countries conducted?

7. Where is the Moscow television centre housed?

8. What is the aim of Russian radio and TV?

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 3

Проработайте следующие разделы по учебнику:

1. Правило согласования времен.

2. Бессоюзные дополнительные придаточные предложения.

3. Объектный инфинитивный оборот после глаголов, выражающих принуждение или разрешение.

4. Придаточные предложения: подлежащие и сказуемые.

5. Бессоюзные определительные придаточные предложения.

6. Сослагательное наклонение.

7. Условные придаточные предложения.

Контрольная работа 3

Вариант 1

1. Переведите предложения, обращая особое внимание на перевод сказуемого в придаточных дополнительных предложениях.

A. Speaking at the session of the Supreme Soviet on the 15th of January, 1960 I.V. Kurchatov said that he was happy to be born in Russia. He stressed that he had devoted all his life to nuclear physics and was sure that the Russian people would use the achievements of this science for the good of mankind only.

B. Roentgen found that radiation from a cathode-ray tube was able to penetrate thin matter like wood but was stopped by thicker objects such as pieces of metal and bones. Three years later in 1898 Marie and Pierre Curie discovered that radium sent out rays consisting of particles smaller than the atom. After these two discoveries physicists saw that the whole traditional concept of the structure of matter had to be completely revised. In 1905 Albert Einstein declared that matter could be converted into energy – very little matter into very great energy. And at last Rutherford and Niels Bohr developed their revolutionary theory and declared what the atom was really like.

C. When Einstein used the word relativity for the first time he did not know that this word would become a famous word in the world of science.

2. Переведите сложноподчиненные предложения.

A. That the accelerated development of railroads is a requirement of our time is a well-known fact.

B. A.S. Popov invented a device which received electrical signals at great distances without any wires.

C. For an electrician the most important question is whether a solid is a conductor of electricity or not.

3. Найдите определительные придаточные предложения и укажите, в каких случаях можно опустить союз. Предложения переведите.

A. All the knowledge of physics which you have is not sufficient to explain this phenomenon. All the knowledge of physics which helped you before will not be sufficient to explain this phenomenon.

B. The variety of purposes which influence the usage of electricity is endless. The variety of purposes which electricity is used for nowadays is endless.

C. The two facts which caused great changes in industry will be mentioned in the report. The two facts which you have mentioned caused great changes in industry.

4. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сослагательное наклонение.

A. Without radioelectronics there would be no cybernetics, cosmonautics and nuclear physics.

B. The electrons move round the nucleus as if they were the planets of the solar system moving round the Sun.

C. K.E. Tsiolkovsky suggested that heat from radioactive materials be used as rocket fuel.

D. The substance should be purified so that it might be used for this purpose.

E. It would be impossible to measure the temperature of Venus without a radio telescope.

F. It is necessary that highly sensitive reception devices be made for the radio telescope to achieve better results in observation.

Переведите и определите тип условных предложений (реальное, маловероятное, нереальное), а также определите, к какому времени они относятся.

A. Should a permanent magnet be moved in and out of a coil of wire, both the magnet and the coil would be used as a simple electric generator.

B. It would have been impossible to launch space satellites and space rockets provided we had not had the necessary polymeric materials and synthetic fuels.

C. Were the temperature increased, the velocity of the molecular motion would also be increased.

D. If you were asked: "How can electric charges be made to flow and what factors influence their flow?" what would you answer?