Тема 21: Модальные глаголы should, ought to, dare, need

Занятие 1

Основные знания и умения:

· Знать значение и особенности употребления модальных глаголов should, ought to, dare, need

· Уметь распознавать их при чтении и правильно переводить

should = ought to - следует, надо ‹совет , рекомендация›

You should be careful. - Вам следует (надо) быть внимательными.

You should do this carefully. - Вам следует (надо) делать это внимательно

You ought to help your mother. - Вы обязаны (должны) помогать маме.

Doctors ought to help patients. – Врачи обязаны (должны) помогать пациентам.

dare - сметь ‹гнев, негодование›

How dare you talk to me like that? – Как вы смеете так со мной разговаривать?

Dare you question my honesty? – Вы смеете сомневаться в моей честности?

needn’t – не нужно ‹отсутствие необходимости›

You needn’t try to learn it. – Вам не нужно пытаться это выучить.

You needn’t hurry. – Вам не нужно торопиться.

EXERCISES

I. Перефразируйте предложения, употребляя модальный глагол need.

Pattern: It is not necessary to go there. – You needn’t go there.

1. It is not necessary for mother to cook dinner. The children always have dinner at school. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. It is not necessary to go by this train. A later train will do as well.  …………………………………………………………………………………………………………3. There is no necessity for her to do it herself. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………4. There is no reason for you to worry: he is as strong as a horse. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………5. There is no need for you to be present. ………………………………………………………………….……………………………...………

6. Why do you want to press the skirt? It is not creased at all. …………………………………………………………………………..…………………………….7. Why do you want to take this tablet? It is not necessary at all. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………8. We have a lot of time. It is not necessary to be in a hurry. ………………………………………………………………………...………………………………9. It is not necessary to do it now. You can do it after dinner. ………………………………………………………………………..……………………………….10. It is not necessary for her to help us. Everything is OK now. ……………………………………………………………………………...…………………………11. It is not necessary for you to help me. I can do everything myself. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………12. It is not necessary for him to go to the library. I can give him the book. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

II. Дайте совет, используя модальный глагол should и слова, данные в скобках.

Pattern: Her diction is not very good. (to read aloud) – She should read aloud.

1. I have a slight irritation in my throat. (to smoke less) ………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..2. This child doesn’t want to eat soup. (not to give her sweets before dinner) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………3. She makes a lot of spelling mistakes. (to copy passages out of a book) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………4. The dog is afraid of him. (not to shout at the dog) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...…5. The students can’t follow what I am saying. (not to speak so fast). …………………………………………………………………………………………………………6. The boy is a little pale. (to play outdoors more). …………………………………………………………………………………………………………7. I am afraid you can miss that train. (to take a taxi). …………..................................................................................…………………………………….....8. There is no one in. (to try the room next door). ……………...............................................................................………………………………………9. It is very dirty here. (to clean the room). …………………………………………………………………………………………………………10. It is very hot here. (to open the window). …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

III. Перефразируйте предложения, употребляя модальный глагол ought to:

Pattern: You mustgo there at once. – You ought to go there at once.

1. You must thank your parents. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………2. The doctor must do this operation today. ………....................................................................……………………………………………………3. Nurses must air the wards. ………………………………………….………………………………………………………...……

4. Nurses must take the patients’ temperature at 6 o’clock. …………………............................................................................................…………………………5. Students must do their homework. ………...........................................................…………………………………………………………6. Teachers must help students in their studies. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………7. You must be very careful with this elderly patient. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………8. Nurses must not be rude when they speak with patients. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………9. Laboratory assistants must be careful when they work with the bacteria. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………10. The child must take this medicine regularly. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

IV.  Перефразируйте предложения, употребляя модальный глагол dare:

Pattern: You mustn’tdo it. – How dare you do it?

1. You mustn’t drink alcohol. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………2. You mustn’t eat too much sugar.

……………………………………………………………………........................................................

3. You mustn’t come home so late. ……………….....................................................……………………………...………………………4. You mustn’t miss classes. …………………........................................…………………………………...………………………5. You mustn’t be late for classes. ………………......................................................…………………………………………………….6. The nurse mustn’t be rude with patients. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………7. You mustn’t copy out your friend’s exercise. …………………………………………………………………………………………...……………8. You mustn’t forget to do your homework. ……………………………………………………………………………………….………………..9. The nurse mustn’t forget about her duties. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………10. The nurse mustn’t substitute one drug for another. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………