Task 2. Read the text and translate using topical vocabulary.

Before the invention of a sewing machine, everything was sewn by hand.

The first sewing machines were introduced in 1755, and they continue to be a very useful tool today. Many people usesewing machines to complete routine tasks for their family.

Many people use sewing machines to complete various hobbies including making clothing and curtains. For those with the right level of skills, sewing machines can provide them with a valuable resource for making money in their own home completing work for other people.

There are several well known brands of sewing machines that people have come to rely on. It is not uncommon for someone to stick with sewing.

Singer sewing machines were first introduced in 1850 as the creation of Isaac Singer. These were the first sewing machines that featured a needle that moved up and down instead of from side to side.

Isaac Merritt Singer has become synonymous with the sewing machine. Trained as an engineer, he built a rotary sewing machine being repaired in a shop in Boston. His machine used a shuttle service flight instead of a rotating needle and was mounted vertically and included a clip to hold the fabric in place. One arm was fixed to hold the needle and included a basic tensioning system.

Sewing machines continued to be made in the structure more or less the same, with the most abundant decoration that appears well into the 1900s, when the first electric machines started to appear.

               Sewing machines make it very simple to learn how to sew. Many parents want to teach their children this valuable skill. They help them operate sewing machines and practice on scraps of material.

Sewing machines could be divided into many subtypes, but they are essentially dividable into four major types.

Different Kinds of Sewing Machines

Mechanical

This machine uses a spring loaded cam that is pushed and pulled by the device to make various kinds of stitches. Before the integration of electronic sewing machines, all machines before the 1960's were mechanical. The machines come in varying styles from simple straight stitches to zigzag stitches. Mechanical sewing machines can be used for basic sewing tasks like hems, repairs, simple clothing, and crafts and they tend to be the least expensive type of machine. This would not be the machine that you would use for large, involved projects but more for occasional use

Electronic

o The electronic sewing machine builds on the features of the mechanical machine without as much work needed by the user. Becoming popular in the 1970s, the electronic sewing machine uses an electrical impulse to shoot and return a needle into the correct place on the fabric and to create patterns. The precision of this device is much more accurate than that of the mechanical device. This automated machine can be used for tougher tasks like topstitching and piping and depending on the model may have hundreds of different stitch types available.

Computer

Computerized sewing machines are similar to the electronic machines, but the use of a microprocessor gives the machine the ability to accept new information from a memory card. This leads to an unlimited amount of patterns that can be applied to fabric for projects like bedspreads, bags, pillowcases, and garments. The user places the pattern on the card and then into the device, positions the fabric, and lets the machine automatically stitch the pattern. These devices often have a touch screen that lets you see the design you are about to apply. Thesemachinestendtobethemostexpensive.

Sergers

These machines are the finishing devices that help touching up the fine details of the project. Also called merrow or overlock machines, they finish and cut the edges of material to make it look more professional. The serger machine consists of loopers and knives that acts like a pair of scissors to tidy up any errant stitches. The most professional serging machines deal with stretchy fabrics, sheer fabrics, and lingerie.

BROTHER - sewing and automatic machines for the garment industry.

JACK - all kinds of sewing and cutting machines.

KANSAI - sewing machines for knitwear, aparat, elastic belts, jeans, etc.

KINGTEX - edge-finishing machines.

GROZ -BECKERT - German-produced needles.

CONSEW - sewing machines for heavy-duty projects, upholstery and leather.

KRETZER - FINNY scissors made in Germany.

PEGASUS - Recognised as the leading company for chainstitch machines.

Furthermore, we import "Solingen" scissors manufactured by (Germany).

Task 3. Answer the questions according to the text.

1. Who is Singer?

2. When did the first sewing machines introduce?

3.  What kind of sewing machines do you know?

4. Tell about the electronic sewing machine.

Task 4. Make thesis plan to the text.

Task 5. Find terms and term-combinations from the text and make some sentences with them.

Task 6. Translate the sentences into your native language

1. Many people use sewing machines to complete various hobbies including making clothing and curtains.

2. Singer sewing machines were first introduced in 1850 as the creation of Isaac Singer.

3. Sewing machines make it very simple to learn how to sew. Many parents want to teach their children this valuable skill.

4. . Mechanical sewing machines can be used for basic sewing tasks like hems, repairs, simple clothing, and crafts and they tend to be the least expensive type of machine.

5. Computerized sewing machines are similar to the electronic machines, but the use of a microprocessor gives the machine the ability to accept new information from a memory card.   

Task 7. Say true/ false.

1. The first sewing machines were introduced in 1756

2. Singer sewing machines were first introduced in 1850 as the creation of Isaac Singer.

3. Sewing machines make it very difficult to learn how to sew.

4. The serger machine consists of loopers and knives that acts like a pair of scissors to tidy up any errant stitches.

5. The computer sewing machine builds on the features of the mechanical machine without as much work needed by the user.

SSW

Task 6. Make a PowerPoint Presentation

Theme 3.Equipment for loading and unloading cargo

Task 1. Topical Vocabulary