Задание к Контрольной работе № 4

Подготовьте следующий теоретический материал на русском языке:

1. Неопределенные местоимения some, any, отрицательное ме­стоимение nо и их производные.

2. Основные сведения о сослага­тельном наклонении. Типы. Особенности перевода на русский язык.

3. Неличные формы глагола: инфинитив, его формы (In­definite Active, Indefinite Passive, Perfect Active, Perfect Passive, Continuous Active, Perfect Continuous Active). Перевод на русский зык.  

4. Инфинитив­ные конструкции — объектный инфинитивный оборот и субъектный инфинитивный оборот.

5. Неличные формы глагола: герундий (простые формы) и герундиальные обороты. Перевод на русский зык.  

6. Согласование времен. Косвенная речь. Типы. 

7. Сложносочиненное и сложноподчиненное предложе­ния.

Смотрите грамматические пояснения по учебникам:

1.Бонк Н. А., Котий Г.А., Лукьянова Н.А. Учебник английского языка. М.., 1989.Ч.I. Основной курс. Уроки 18-23; Грамматический справочник § 81 - 90.                                                                                                                                                   Основные лексические единицы и разговорные клише по теме «Искусство как форма познания мира»: age, to art, theatre, cinema, music actor, actress, singer, dancer, ballet dancer, conductor, dramatist/ playwright, composer, producer, company, choir, cast, orchestra, usher, spectator, theatre- goer, Drama Theatre, Opera House, Puppet Theatre, Variety Theatre, Concert Hall, Conservatoire, Philharmonic, circus, cloak- room, hall, foyer, stalls, stage, curtain, pit, dress circle, gallery, balcony, box, row, wings, seat, scenery, refreshment- room, play, tragedy, comedy, musical, repertoire, audience, to act, to be a success, to applaud, to be a failure, to impress, box- office, interval, film/picture/movie, feature film, documentary film, popular- science film, adventure film, thriller, detective film, horror film, cartoon, science fiction film, black- and- white film, color film, wide- screen film, short film, silent film, director, classical music, chamber music, jazz, light music, pop music, programme, chorus, symphony, to play the piano, to appreciate, to sing, folk songs, folk art, painting, sculpture, artist, masterpiece, drawing, portrait, statue, background, foreground, marvelous, valuable, to depict, to execute, exhibition, to represent, private collection, the Hermit be painted vividly, valuable collection of Applied Art;

по теме ”Спорт. Здоровье”: to unite, outdoor winter sports, summer sports, shooting, hunting, tobogganing, to sledge, gliding, swimming, boating, cycling, wrestling, a score, to establish oneself in favour, lawn-tennis, track and field events, scores of young girls and women, calisthenics, indoor games, an impressive example, inexhaustible, cheerfulness, to initiate, to make a professional debut, to defeat, to win, to regain the title of…, to support each other's training and fights, a stadium, a spectator, health, to participate in sports, to maintain good health and enjoy life, to stay in good shape, to keep fit, to make more organized and better disciplined, to watch sports competitions on TV, to take an active part in smth., to develop character and mind and quick thinking, to improve your strength/ your suppleness/ your stamina;

BC, AD, to abolish, to renew, to point out, a significance, a value, to be held, to symbolize, to set up, a representative, a participant, a city-host, separately, to host, suitable, to select, it takes great efforts, to arrange, gold/ silver/ bronze medals, a record;

по теме ”Выбор профессии. Образование”: a preschool institution, a kindergarten/ a nursery school, a school, a primary school, a secondary school, a higher education, an university, experience, learning, experience, a sense, a skill, to learn skills, to gain, to gain knowledge, a scheme, formal, informal, to pass an exam, to be in charge of, to expect, both…and, gifted, physically or mentally handicapped, an aim, to aim, intelligent, responsible, to transmit, a heritage, a cultural heritage, to require, general education, vocational education, further education, free education, compulsory education, beyond, to support, by correspondence, instead of, junior, senior, to earn, to be good at/ to be poor at, to be at the top/ bottom of the class, to fail an exam, to receive a scholarship, a certificate, a diploma, a degree, to be a success;

по темам ”Молодежные движения”, “Молодежная субкультура”, “Проблемы молодежи”: to spend one’s spare time, activity, leisure activity, to relax, to be divided into, to overlap, an art, to paint, painting, oil paints, to include, a possibility, possible, a record, a tape, to offer, to offer a choice, widespread, a stamp, a coin, a doll, a postcard, handicraft, to attract, to engage in, to crochet, a kit, a boat, jewellery, a competition, to climb (the mountains), to ski, to skate, to increase, to present, a present, to research, a research, ancient, especially, to value, a science, science fiction, to add, to provide, to differ, different, collecting, fishing, gardening, hiking, a hobby, spare time interests, leisure, model making, needlework, pastime, dancing, a dancing society, a sports club, to go in for sports, to be keen on smth., to collect smth., to give pleasure, entertainment, relax, refreshment, enjoy, listen to music, play games, to make plans, to discover the world and try to determine the place in the universe, a generation, to accept the standards of their parents, to generate a generation gap, to overcome their own difficulties without looking back, the pledge of friendship, to have stable relations, to chat;

по темам ”Наука”, “Космос”, “Компьютер. Его составляющие “: a science, a scientist, scientific, valuable scientific data, to search, a researcher, to investigate, to unify, to attempt, to explain, to prove, a complicated problem, to appear, a boundary, closely interconnected, a tool, a discovery, an invention, to satisfy, a shelter, a steam engine, to contribute, nuclear, nuclear power, digital, to refer, a quantity, to measure, liquid, to process (the data), a typewriter, headquarters, to deal with facts, the origin of the universe, a field of science, to influence on smth., to come from, artificial, to come true, the most daring dreams, a founder, to predict smth., space, outer space, to conquer space, the conquest of space, a rocket, to set up space stations around the Earth, to receive encouragement, launching, an Earth satellite, the exploration of outer space, a step, a liquid fuel rocket, amazing achievements, to start revolving round the Sun, to reach the Moon, a flight, a cosmonaut, a spaceman, to make possible, to follow.

Грамматический материал

Неопределенные местоимения и наречия, производные от “some, any, no, every”.

Сложные местоимения и наречия

somebody                                   кто-то

anybody                                      кто-либо

nobody                                        никто

everybody                                  все, каждый

something                                   что-то

anything                                     что-либо

nothing                                       ничто

everything                                  всё

somewhere                                 где-то, куда-то

anywhere                                        где-либо, куда-либо

nowhere                                      нигде

everywhere                                везде

all                                                все, всё

Местоимения some, any, noв сочетаниях с body(для одушевленных) иthing(для неодушевленных) образуют сложные местоимения.

Somebody asked for you.           Кто-то Вас спрашивал.

Did anybody ask for me?           Меня кто-нибудь спрашивал?

Nobody asked for you.               Вас никто не спрашивал.

I saw something on the table.    Я видел что-то на столе.

Did you see anything on the table?Вы видели что-либо на столе?

I saw nothing on the table.         Я не видел ничего на столе.

Если сложное местоимение выполняет функцию дополнения, то обычно используется вариант с отрицанием при глаголе.

I didn’t see anybody in the room.

I didn’t see anything on the desk.