You are writing a letter to a friend and giving news about people you both know. Use the Present Perfect to speak about the recent events. Underline the tense determiners.

Dear Chris,

Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.

Charles ________(to go) to Brazil recently. Jack and Jill _______(to decide/already) to get married. Suzanne ________(to have/just) a baby.

Monica _________(to give up ) smoking lately. George _______(to pass) his driving test. Lily ________(to leave/already) school. Nick _______(to get) a new job. Lara ________(to graduate) from the University. Martina ________(to receive) her contract yet. John ________(to get married) so far. Roberta…

Write a similar letter to your friend/key-pal/former group-mate etc.

3.2 Write the sentences for these situations using just, already or yet.

A. You're having a drink. You put it down for a minute and the waiter takes your glass away. You say: Excuse me!__________________(not finish)

B. You put out your cigarette two minutes ago. A friend offers you another cigarette. You say: No, thanks.__________________ (put one out).

C. John went out two minutes ago. The phone rings. It's someone for John.

You say :_______________________(go out).

D. You fed the cat. Then your sister starts to feed the cat again.

You say: ____________________(feed her).

E. You rush home because there's a football match on TV. You want to know if it's over. You ask:____________________ (finish?)

3.3 Complete the sentences usingso far.

1. We ate a lot yesterday but______________________ much so far today.

2. It snowed a lot last winter but it_________________ so far this winter.

3. I played tennis a lot last year but______________________________

4. She worked hard last term but _________________________________

5. I watched television yesterday evening _________________________

6. I made great progress in English last year but______________________

7. My favourite football team won a lot of matches last season but_______

Say that you will do what is suggested to you only after you have done something else.

Use:till, until, before, after, when, as soon as

Example: You’d better read this book in the original.

I will read the book in the original as soon as I have mastered the language well enough.

1. Visit your friend. They say she is ill.

2. I suggest going to the theatre tonight.

3. You should write a letter to your parents.

4. You’d better learn the text by heart.

5. Help your friend with her grammar.

6. I advise you to join the library as soon as possible.

7. Will you give me the book you are reading?

8. I advise you to learn the rules first.

9. You ought to visit your grandmother.

10. Will you have dinner?

11. Will you give that nice recipe of yours?

3.5 Complete the sentences indicating either the starting moment (since...) or the whole period of duration of action (for…).

1. I have trusted Jane…

2. Gordon has depended on his mother…

3. I have wished to be a teacher…

4. I have envied Chris…

5. John has displeased his parents…

6. Mary has preferred to keep silence…

7. I have disliked Nick for his selfishness…

8. I have expected…

Answer the questions in the negative. Indicate the starting point of the action or the duration of the whole period.

1. Have you travelled much lately?

2. Have you been to Moscow this year?

3. Have you been to the theatre this month?

4. Have you been to the laboratory today?

5. Have you seen anything interesting on TV of late?

6. Has your friend changed much?

7. Have you read anything in English in addition to the programme?

8. Have you worked in the reading hall today?

9. Have you eaten anything today?

10. Have you bought anything new this week?

Answer the questions using the words in brackets and the correct tense of the verb.

Example: When did you last smoke? (for two years)

         I haven’t smoked for two years.

1. When did it last rain? (for ages)

2. When did they last visit you? (since June)

3. When did you last play tennis? (for a long time)

4. When did you last eat black caviar ?(never)

5. When did you last drive? (for six months)

6. When did you last go to Spain? (never)

7. When did she last write to you? (since last summer)

Translate into English.

1. Вы написали контрольную работу? Покажите мне ее. 2. Она написала последнюю контрольную работу без ошибок. 3. Рада вас видеть. Я так много слышала о вас от отца. 4. Я давно видела этот фильм. Я уже забыла его. 5. – Вы бывали когда-нибудь на Кавказе? – Да. – Вы конечно же видели озеро Рица? – О, да. Я никогда не видела ничего более красивого.6. Я не была в Новгороде с тех пор, как мы переехали в Самару. Я очень люблю этот древний город. 7. В этом году моя сестра поступила в НГЛУ. 8. – Звонок уже был? Что у нас сейчас? – Лекция по истории.9. Он был болен и отстал от группы. Давайте поможем ему с английским. 10. Сегодня я не была в библиотеке. 11. В этом году я часто видела их в кино. 12. Начался дождь. Ты взяла с собой зонтик?

The Present Perfect Continuous

    The Present Perfect Continuous is used to denote:

1. An action which began before a definite moment in the past, has been going on up to the present moment and is still going on. It is generally used with since (denoting the starting point of the action) and for (denoting the whole period of duration), these two days etc. If the conjunction since introduces a clause, the verb in this clause is used in the Past Simple.

Since I saw you last I have been thinking, thinking about you.

I have been reading this book for two months.

She has been painting these two days.

2. An action which was in progress but has recently stopped or just stopped.

Have you been crying?-Your eyes are read.

4.1 Ask questions withhow long using the correct form of the verb.

1. My foot is hurting.

2. Mike plays chess.

3. Jim sells washing machines.

4. Tom is living in High Street.

5. Jean is learning Chinese.

6. My sister is married.

7. Boris is on holiday.

8. I live in Glasgow.

9. It is snowing.

10. Jack smokes.

11. I know about her problem.

12. Jack & Jill are looking for a flat.

13. Diana teaches English in Germany.

14. Dennis is in love with Margaret.

15. Colin has a car.

4.2 Rewrite the sentences usingsince orfor and the correct form of the verb.

1. I know Bob (for five years).

2. Jack lives in Bolton (since he was born).

3. Bill is unemployed (since April).

4. Ann has a bad cold (for the last few days).

5. I want to go to that room (since I was a child).

6. My brother is studying languages at university (for two years).

7. Tim & Jane are working in Sheffield (since February).

8. My cousin is in army (since he was 17).

9. They are waiting for us (for half an hour).