Ex. 3. . A - above; B - below; C - over; D – under

THE ENGLISH NUMERAL

Numerals are subdivided into two groups: cardinal (количественные числительные) and ordinal (порядковые числительные). See the table below.

Cardinal and Ordinal Numerals

Cardinals                                    Ordinals

1 — one                             the first

2 — two                                  the second

3— three                                  the third

4 — four                                  the fourth

5 — five                                  the fifth

6 — six                                  the sixth

7— seven                            the seventh

8 — eight                                  the eighth

9 — nine                                         the ninth

10 — ten                                  the tenth

11 — eleven                           the eleventh

12 — twelve                          the twelfth

13 — thirteen                             the thirteenth

14 — fourteen                        the fourteenth

15 — fifteen                           the fifteenth

16 — sixteen                                   the sixteenth

17 — seventeen                      the seventeenth

18 — eighteen                        the eighteenth

19 — nineteen                       the nineteenth

20 — twenty                          the twentieth

30 — thirty                                     the thirtieth

40 — forty                                       the fortieth

50 — fifty                                        the fiftieth

60 — sixty                             the sixtieth

70 — seventy                        the seventieth

80 — eighty                                     the eightieth

90 — ninety                                the ninetieth

100 — a/one hundred                 the (one) hundredth

200 — two hundred                    the two hundredth

1,000 — a/one thousand                      the (one) thousandth

1,345 — a/one thousand three       the (one) thousand three hundred

         hundred and forty-five     and forty-fifth

• In cardinal numerals which consist of tens (десятки) and units (единицы) the two words are hyphenated (пишутся через дефис).

56 — fifty-six, 91 — ninety-one

• When cardinal numerals ending in one (like thirty-one, fifty-one) areused before a noun, they require the plural form of the noun.

thirty-one students, forty-one years

(Compare with Russian тридцать один студент, сорок один год, where the noun is used in the singular.)

• The numerals hundred, thousand and million used in the singular are always preceded by the Indefinite article a or the numeral one.

a hundred, one hundred and fifty-two

When the numerals hundred, thousand or million are preceded a number other than one, they do not take the ending -s.         

400 children (four hundred)                                          

5,900 people (five thousand nine hundred)                      

8,600,000 dollars (eight million six hundred thousand)

    • The cardinal numerals dozen, ten, hundred, thousand, million takethe plural ending -s before of+ a plural noun if the above numerals arenot preceded by another numeral or a pronoun.                           

millions of stars, dozens of eggs, thousands of books, hundreds of thousands of people, etc.                                  

but: many thousand people, two hundred chairs, three dozen eggs

• Cardinal numerals are used to indicate the number with nouns like page, sentence, Ex., room, chapter, volume, paragraph, apartment, tram, etc. In such cases the numeral is placed after the noun and the noun is used without an article.

Read lesson 8 on page 93.

However, ordinal numerals can sometimes be used here as well.

Paragraph 3, or the third paragraph

    World War II, or the Second World War

In similar cases in Russian ordinal numerals are preferable.

Читайте урок восьмой на девяносто третьей странице.

As regards the names of kings and queens, only ordinal numerals are here.

Henry VIII – Henry the Eighth

Elizabeth II – Elizabeth the Second

Peter I – Peter the First

Dates are written and read in the following way:

1st September, 1986 - The first of September nineteen (hundred and) eighty-six

May 5, 2006 = May the fifth, twenty hundred and six or / thousand six or two thousand six

In British English dates are written numerically with the day first and American English the month comes first.

10/4/2005 - 10th April, 2005 (British)

    4/10/2005 - 10th April, 2005 (American)

Cardinal numerals are also used to denote decades. In these cases the numeral takes the definite article and the ending -s.

the 50s, the 70s, the 1980s = the fifties, the seventies, the nineteen eighties

However, an apostrophe (') after the numeral may also occur here.

In the early 60's of the last century platform shoes were all vogue.

Vulgar Fractions

Vulgar fractions                                             Decimal fractions

⅛ an (one) eighth                                     0.125 (nought) point one two e

¼ a (one) quarter                                     0.25 (nought) point two five 4

⅓ a (one) third                                          0.33 (nought) point three three

½ a (one) half                                          0.75 (nought) point seven five

¾ three quarters

• Nought is used in mathematical calculations; oh in telephone numbers, ets.

Useful Phrases with Numerals

1. What shoe size are you? — I take a size 38 in shoes.

2. She is a size 12 in clothes.

3. The flat is roughly 360 square feet in size.

4. My bedroom is three metres by four.

5. She is two years older than me.

6. We were half an hour late.

7. Your flat is twice as big as ours.

8. She is a three-month-old baby.

 He is a twenty-year-old youth.

     Nick is a child of six.

9. He is doing seventy kilometres an hour.

10. He is leaving by the six thirty-five train.

11. I've told you about it a thousand times (thousands of times).

12. It's a two-minute walk from my house or

It's (a) two minutes' walk from my house.

13. He'll be back in half an hour.

14. An hour and a half is enough for the test.

15. He graduated from the University in the year of 2005.

16. Today is 25° above zero in the shade.

17. They were in their (early/mid/late) teens when I first met them.

18. She was a beautiful woman in her (early/mid/late) thirties.

Ex. 1. Write down the following numbers in words:

1st, 2, 2nd, 3, 3rd, 4, 40, 4th, 40th, 5, 5th, 8, 8th, 9, 9th, 12th, 20, 20th, 100, 1,000.

Ex. 2. Read and reproduce the stories.

History

A schoolboy was asked how many wars Spain had had in the fifteenth century.

"Six," replied the boy promptly.

"Enumerate them," said the teacher.

"1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,” said the boy.

Counting Pigs

    One day a farmer, who had twenty pigs, sent his servant to count them and see if they were all there. The servant came back slowly.

 "Well," said his master, "are they all right?"

 "Ah! I counted nineteen, but one little fellow ran about so fast I wasn't able to count him at all".

Ex.  3. Do the sums.

Model A:   2 +5 = 7           Two plus (and) five is seven.

Model B: 7 – 3 = 4           Seven minus (take away) three is four.

Model C: 3 x 2 = 6   Three multiplied by (times) two is six.

Model D:   9 : 3 = 3       Nine divided by three is three.

3+4=     12+13= 19-4=              195-70=

5+6=     14+15= 18-5=              280-52=

7+2=     16+17= 17-6=    467-13=

8+9=     18+19= 16-8=              748-23=

2x9=      9x3=      54:6=              72:8=

3x8=      8x4=      18:2=              45:9=

4x7=      7x5=      21:7=              90:6=

5x6=      6x6=      15:3=              24:3=

¼+¼=  ⅛+¾= ⅜+⅛=