I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1 .Much of New England's rolling terrain has thin or silty soils underlain by shallow bedrock or hardpans.

2.Three-fourths of New England's landscape is forest.

3. About 30 percent of the harvest now is used for fuel, the balance for pulpwood and lumber.

4.The scientists made several important observations about the relationship between logging and water quality.

5.Improved markets in recent years have also increased the profitability of timber harvest.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle I и Particiciple 11 и установите функции каждого из них, укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого; предложения переведите на русский язык.

l. The incremental costs of measures required to protect water resources during logging are small.

2.The law requires the Division of Forests and Parks to develop cutting standards and guidelines allowing timber harvesting and promoting adequate forest regeneration.

3.At present there is no basis for saying which of these strategies is superior.

4. The legislation enacted a statute requiring standards and permits for logging roads as well.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык.

1.Logging on frozen ground can minimize the effects of roadbuilding and soil disturbance.

2.Streambanks and streambeds may be disrupted by skidding across streams or the deposition of slash in the stream.

3.Nonpoint- source pollution from forest land is to be a key environmental problem in our region during the 1900_s.

4.An alternative assessment method for improvement of farming and grazing activities had to be found.

5 A good deal of time can be saved, if the following sequence of changing the sprinklers is adopted.

6.The pipes must be string, and rigid couplings are used to carry the heavy torque loads.

IV. Прочитайте и переведите приведенный ниже текст; Письменно переведите 1 и 3-й абзацы, обратите внимание на перевод некоторых спецтерминов

reservoir - водохранилище

water supply - водоснабжение

timber - лес, лесоматериал

hazard - опасность, риск

logging - заготовка и транспортировка леса

watershed - водораздел

Logging on Municipal Watersheds

1 .Early in this century many private and public water utilities in New England acquired land to protect water supply reservoirs from contamination by recreational use or by residential and industrial development. Utilities commonly harvest timber from these watershed lands to minimize fire hazards, raise revenue, and control species composition. Improved markets in recent years have also increased the profitability of timber harvest.

2.On federal lands, local water supply watershed needs are considered in timber and other management programs. Although information is available on manipulating timber stands to increase water yield in the Northeast, the managers of these lands have not had to pursue such programs seriously.

3.Logging can affect water quality in several ways: nutrients may be released into surface water as a result of accelerated decomposition of the organic matter on the forest floor; erosion may occur as a result of gravel mining for roadbuilding, haulroad construction and maintenance, at log landing, and streambeds may be disrupted by skidding across streams or the deposition of slash in the stream.

V. .Дайте письменный ответ на следующий вопрос к тексту :

How can logginng affect water quality?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 1

ВАРИАНТ № 4

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. Today industrial enterprises, automobiles and heating systems pollute the atmosphere.

2.City air is polluted not only by exhaust fumes but also by the products of their oxidization.

3.Most countries of the world have stopped chlorinating water and adopted systems of treating water with ozone and ultraviolet rays.

4.According to same forecasts the Aral Sea will disappear by 2010 entirely.

5.The question was discussed at a press conference by all public organization.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle I и Particiiple 11 и установите функции каждого из них, укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого; предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. A knowledge of the amount of snow accumulated in winter will permit the calculation of the volume of the spring flow of rivers.

2. The subterranean artesian waters located at great depth, serve as a determining fresh water source.

3. Volumes of flow for given periods of time generally are reported in terms of cubic kilometres.

4. High flows occur from winter to summer depending upon the region.

5. On irrigated farms accurate measurements are necessary to avoid either waste or under-irrigation.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык.

1 Enterprises using water and dumping waste into surface water sources have to deal with

numerous inspectors.

2.Factories must be built beyond city limits and special zones must be established between

housing estates and industrial enterprises protecting the population from smoke, gases, dusts, and unpleasant odours.

3.With simple technology the early man had to work hard to meet his needs.

4. An increasing influence on nature and the application of new technological processes may

cause catastrophic results.

5.The irrigation efficiency can be improved to 80% in surface irrigation systems

IV. Прочитайте и переведите приведенный ниже текст; Письменно переведите 1,2, и 3-й абзацы, обратите Обратите внимание на перевод некоторых спецтерминов

moisture - влага

evaporate - испаряться

estimate - оценивать

annually - ежегодно

The Water of the Earth.

1. How much moisture is involved in the giant process of ocean-atmosphere-land-ocean?

What is the mechanism of this conveyor thanks which moisture gets from the ocean to the land and back?

It has been estimated that a total flow of 577000 cu km of water annually evaporates on our planet, chiefly from the surface of the ocean. 2.The bulk of water reserves on the planet were considered to be unlimited. Water seemed to be an inexhaustible gift of nature and has become a factor limiting the development of vast areas of the globe. Mankind now uses about 2600 cu km - roughly 6 per cent of the annually renewable reserves of fresh water. 3.1t would seem that the reserves of water supply are great. Unfortunately, this is not so. The threat of a water crisis is becoming obvious. One of the main reasons is the growing pollution of surface waters.

4.The most realistic way to the solution of the water problem is through rationalizing the use of nature. The water of the planet can and must remain pure.

V. .Дайте письменный ответ на следующий вопрос к тексту:

What is the way to the solution of the water problem?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 1