III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2     (Вариант 1) (“ABT”)

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а) 1. Internet has already entered our ordinary life and now embraces hundreds of millions of users all over the world.

2. Students of this group are studying different types of computer software.

б) 1. Computers are used for the storage and handling of data, secret governmental files and so on.

2. A computer's memory is a list of cells into which numbers may be placed or read.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функцию каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Early electronic computers were the size of a large room, consuming power as several hundred modern personal computers.

2. The information stored in memory may represent practically anything.

3. Programming languages provide various ways of specifying programs for computers to run.

4. Many computers surf the Internet as clients downloading the data.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. A typical modern computer can execute billions of instructions every second and nearly never make a mistake over years of operation.

2. Some computers may divide their work between one or more separate CPUs.

3. A modern personal computer can complete the task in about a millionth of a second.

4. Everyone should have the Internet because of its near communication and huge amount of information.

IV. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык … Перепишите и переведите …

Programs

 Modern computers can be programmed, while other machines cannot be programmed. The computer gets a list of instructions (program) and it will store them and carry them out in the future.

Usually computer instructions are simple: add one number to another, move some data from one location to another, send a message to some external device, etc. These instructions are read from the computer's memory and are generally carried out in the order they were given. However, there are different specialized instructions, which are more complicated.

A computer program might include from a dozen instructions to many millions of instructions for a word processor or a web browser. A typical modern computer executes billions of instructions every second. Computer programmers work hard at large computer programs for many years and nevertheless most of the programs contain errors.Sometimes the errors do not affect the usefulness of the program, in other cases they might cause the program to completely fail. These errors are usually not the fault of the computer, but nearly always the result of programmer error or a mistake in the program's design.

In most computers, individual instructions are stored as machine code. Each instruction has a unique number. The simplest computers are able to perform several different instructions, the more complex computers can perform several hundred of operations. Since the computer's memory is able to store numbers, it can also store the instruction codes. This leads to the important fact that entire programs (which are just lists of instructions) can be represented as lists of numbers.

V. Ответьте на вопрос: What is a program?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2     (Вариант 2) (“ABT”)

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а) 1. American economists have calculated that the United States loses 2 billion dollars a year on researches in the sphere of computers.

2. The programmers dealing with computer programming have already completed all the tests.

б) 1. Today many types of systems software are produced on a massive scale.

2. The development of this computer language was followed by great research work.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функцию каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Information sent over the Internet takes the shortest path available from one computer to another.

2. The engineer used different applications while solving the problem.

3. Most of people use the Internet only for sending and receiving e-mail messages.

4. Some parts for a modern noteboook have no corresponding part in a desktop computer.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. You can use a computer for different purposes.

2. Any engineer should know how to work in Microsoft Windows.

3. People won't be able to live without computers in future.

4. The students had to learn all parts of computer system.

IV. Прочтите, перепишите и переведите.

Computers

Computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions called a program and the carry out them. The modern world of high technology could not be possible without computers. Different types and sizes of computers find uses throughout our society. They are used for the storage and handling of data, governmental files and so on. Computers have opened up a new era in manufacturing and they have enhanced modern communication systems.

There are two main types of computers, analog and digital, though now the term computer is often used to mean only the digital type.

Except two main types of computers, analog and digital there are eight generations of digital computers or processing units. The first generations was represented by processing unit Intel 8086, then appeared other generations. Few years ago appeared central processing units of seventh and eighth generations. They are much more powerful and can perform from 2000 to over 3000 million operations per second.

Today computers are nearly everywhere. One uses them in all forms of automatic control in industry: they can control the running of steel works, power stations and docks. The computer forms a part of many military systems including communications and fire control. Their applications include automatic piloting and automatic navigation.

Computers are known to be used in astronomy and upper atmosphere research. Weather forecasting, library information services and hospitals can benefit from computer too. Computers can even be used to design machines including other machines.

V. Ответьте на вопрос: What is the main purpose of all computers?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2     (Вариант 3) (“ABT”)

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а) 1. The computer has become an important and powerful tool for collecting, recording and analysing data.

2. The programers are now developing new operating systems.

б) 1. The results of these calculations can be relied upon.

2. The speed data analysis is affected by many factors.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функцию каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Modem is a special device alowing your computer to send the information through the telephone lines.

2. CD-RW is a compact disc format that allows repeated recording on a disc.

3. In telecommunication, the bit rate is the number of bits that are transmitted in a second.

4. Diode, a kind of electron tube, has two operating electrodes.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. It is possible to save data to a CD-RW in the same way as one can save it to a floppy disk.

2. You should use tuned radio-frequency receiver in this case.

3. The current value must be as low as possible.

4. Several variable condensers are to be assembled in a single unit.