Names of hotels, ships, newspapers and magazines.

Names of hotels, ships, newspapers and magazines are used with the definite article.

And he added thatthe Independent had accepted and was about to publish two poems, which he had been able to write because of her. (Dreiser)

The three men came to the turning at the corner of the Grosvenor Hotel. (Hichens)

§ 15. Names of cardinal points.

 With the names of cardinal points the definite article is used:

the North, the South, the West, the East.

 In the expressions from East to West, from North to South no article is used.

§ 16. Names of months and days.

As a rule names of months and days are used without articles,

May is a spring month. My day off is Friday.

When these nouns are modified by a particularizing attribute the definite article is used.

The May of 1949 will always rest in my memory.

Miss Trotwood came on the Friday when David was born.

Names of days are used with the indefinite article when we mean one of many Mondays, Fridays etc.

Robinson Crusoe found his servant on a Friday.

 I do not remember exactly when he came from Moscow, but I am sure, it was on a Monday.

Names of months are used with the indefinite article when modi­fied by a descriptive attribute.

A cold May is the usual thing in Leningrad.

The use of articles with nouns modified by proper nouns.

If a noun is modified by a proper noun in genitive case no article is used.

I met Robert's father.

A noun modified by a proper noun in the common case is used with the definite article.

Last summer I visitedthe Tretyakov Gallery.

The sailor led him back to the little irregular square bythe Me­dici Palace. (Voynich)

USE OF ARTICLES WITH NOUNS IN SOME SET                                                                                                           EXPRESSIONS

The use of the indefinite article with nouns in set expressions.

1) in a hurry—второпях;       Things done in a hurry are done badly.                                                                                                                             

2) to have a mind to do some-             I have a great mind to have           

 thing (a great mind, a good. mind) — a talk with her.

иметь желание что-либо сделать,

 быть склонным что-либо сделать;

3) to fly into a passion — прийти              If you contradict him, he

 в бешенство;                                      will fly into a passion.

4) to get in a fury (in a rage) —                 If you contradict him, he

 прийти в ярость;                           will get in a fury (in a rage).

5) to take a fancy to (chiefly with          I wonder why she took a

Names of living beings)—                fancy to the little girl.

 проникнуться симпатией,

 по­чувствовать расположение;

6) in a low (loud) voice — тихо,        Don't speak in a low voice.

 (громко);

  7) a great many (with countables) — много; I have spoken to him a

                                                                        great many times.

  8) a great deal ( with uncountables)—много; We can’t skate today, 

 there is a great deal of snow on the ice.

9) it is a pity — жаль.                            It is a pity you didn’t go

to the concert last night

10) it is a shame—стыдно.                     It is a shame not to know

these elementary things.

11) it is a pleasure—приятно.                       It is a pleasure to

read beautiful poetry.

12) as a result—в результате.        As a result of the inhabitants’

                                            strenuous efforts the damaged

                                      city was soon rebuilt.

13) to have a good time—хорошо     Last night we went to a party

провести время.                       and had a very good time.

14) to be at a loss—быть в не­доумении.     She was at a loss what to

                                                            say.  

15) at a glance—-сразу, с первого взгляда. She saw at a glance that

                                                       something had happened.

The use of the definite article with nouns in set expressions.

1) it is out of the question—       “ Will you go to the theatre?”-“It’s                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              

об этом не может быть и речи. out of the question.”

2) to take the trouble to do something — You have a difficult text to       потрудиться.                translate but you didn’t take the trouble         

                                       to consult the dictionary.

3) in the original —в оригинале. You know English well enough to

read Dickens in the original.

4) to play the piano (the violin, the harp)— She plays the piano very 

играть на рояле (скрипке, арфе)             well.

5) to keep the house—сидеть дома. She has a cold and will have to keep the house for a couple of days.   

6) to keep the bed—соблюдать постельный She has a bad cold and

 режим.                                            will have to keep the bed.

7. on the whole — в целом. On the whole Tom is a pleasant fellow, but sometimes he has whims.  

8) the other day (refers to the past)—на днях. I met him the other day.

9) on the one hand. . .on the other hand — On the one hand he excites 

с одной стороны... с другой стороны . suspition, but on the other hand we have not enough evidence against him. (Oppenheim.)

10) to tell (to speak) the truth— говорить правду. He always tells (speaks) the truth.

to tell the truth—no правде говоря. To tell the truth, I don’t like the girl.

11) to be on the safe side — для верности.   I am almost sure of the pronunciation of this name, but to be on the safe side let us consult the pronouncing dictionary.

Nouns in set expressions used without an article.

1) out of doors—на дворе, на The children spent most of the time out of doors.

улице, вне дома

2) to take to heart — принимать близко к сердцу. Don’t take things too much to heart.

3) to take offence — обижаться. If he had heard your remark he would have taken offence.

4) to give (to get, to ask) per­mission —

дать (получить,                                  I asked permission to keep

 про­сить) разрешение.                          the book a little longer.

5) to lose heart — терять муже­ство,      He found the subject very

приходить в уныние.          difficult at first, but he didn’t lose heart.

6) at present —в настоящее время. You may go home, we don’t want you at present.

7) from morning till night — с утра до вечера. He worked in his little garden from morning till night.

8) from head to foot — с головы.        She was dressed in furs from

до ног.                                                  head to foot.

9) from beginning to end — с на­чала до конца. The whole story is a lie from beginning to end.

10) at first sight — с первого взгляда. He fell in love with her at first sight.

11) by chance—случайно. They met quite by chance.

12) by mistake—по ошибке. I have bought the wrong book by mistake.

13) for hours—часами.      He could read for hours.

14) for ages—-целую вечнос  I haven’t seen you for ages.

15) by land, by air, by sea — су­шей, I like travelling by sea.

по воздуху, морем .

16) to go to sea—стать моряком. My sister wants to be a doctor, and my brother wants to go to sea.

17) on deck—на палубе.            We spent hours on deck.

18) to keep house—вести хозяй­ство.A housemaid keeps house for her.

19) at sunrise - на рас                We left the town at sunrise.

20) at sunset — на закате.        We arrived at the village at sunset.

21) at work—за работой.     Whenever I come, he is always at work.

22) at peace—в мире.       We want to be in peace with all countries.

23) by name—по имени.     His cat, Snowball by name, was playing on the carpet.

24) in debt — в долгу.          Mr. Smith was always in debt.

            USE OF ARTICLES IN SOME SYNTACTIC RELATIONS