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The same form for adjectives and adverbsSome adverbs of manner and time have the same form as adjectives (See also Unit 1): a) Some derived adjectives like adverbs end in –ly: lovely, lively, orderly, friendly, daily, monthly, likely. (Cf.: It was his daily duty and Most newspapers appear daily; It is a likely excuse and The rain is likely to stop.) b) A few simple words like fast, slow, deep, early, late, well, long, hard, right, wrong, high function as either adverbs or adjectives depending on what they modify: Adjective Adverb a fast train (modifies train) he ran fast (modifies ran) a slow watch (modifies watch) go slow (modifies go) an early bird (modifies bird) she came early (modifies came) a well child (modifies child) she played well (modifies played) a hard chair (modifies chair) she works hard (modifies works) the late student (modifies student) they slept late (modifies slept)
Adverbs with double forms There are some adverbs that have two forms – one with –ly ending and one without the –ly ending. Usually the longer form with –ly is preferred, especially for writing: Don’t talk so loud/loudly. She buys her clothes cheap/cheaply. The shortened form is more likely to be used in speaking informally. Examples of these adverbs are: direct – directly slow – slowly tight – tightly close – closely clear – clearly cheap – cheaply Using adjectives after linking and perception verbs Linking verbs (to be, become, appear, seem, look) and the verbs of sense (taste, smell, etc.) are followed by adjectives (not adverbs!): This peach is/looks/tastes so sweet/good/wonderful. All is well that ends well. I am very well today, and you?
1) Use the adjective good to mean ‘better than average’: We had a goodtime. BUT:Use the adverb well to mean ‘in a good way’: No one slept very well. 2) Use the adjective well after the verb to be to mean ‘in good health’, ‘comfortable’: I am well. BUT:Use the adjective good/bad after the verb to feel: I feel good/bad. It feels good. NOTE that the linking verb feel requires the adjective well to mean‘to be satisfactory’ and ‘well-dressed’: She feels well in that suit.
E x e r c i s e s
Name adverbs that semantically correspond to the following adjectives. 1) (with –ly): happy, satisfactory, simple, sad, dangerous, helpless, angry, different, exact; 2) (without –ly): lovely, likely, orderly, friendly, daily, monthly;  3) (without –ly): fast, far, little, much, low, high, straight, early, late, hard, near, long, well; 4) (with or without –ly): loud, clear, bright, slow, quick, direct, cheap.
Complete the following sentences by using the correct form (adjective or adverb) of the word in brackets.
4.3. Use good or well.
4.4. Use good or well correctly. Ben did not have a (1) … time when he was ill. But the doctor did his job (2) …, so soon Ben was able to go outside. He went to a (3) … beach to surf. His (4) … friend Marty went with him. Marty could surf very (5) … . They ran into the water for a (5) … wave. It was a (6) … day for surfing. Ben and Marty get along (7) … and always have a (8) … time together. Review Exercises
Use the appropriate adjective or adverb. 1) They drove under a (low/lowly) bridge. 2) She has travelled (wide/widely). 3) Make sure you’re here at seven o’clock (sharp/sharply). 4) She loved him (dear/dearly). 5) We’ll be there (short/shortly). 6) I hit him as (hard/hardly) as I could. 7) Hold (tight/tightly)! 8) Feel (free/freely) to ask questions. 9) The boy shouted as (loud/loudly) as he could. 10) We (deep/deeply) regret the move.
2. Translate into English. 1) Moe пальто достаточно теплое. 2) Я тоже буду там. 3) Он очень много читает. 4) Я тоже не видел его. 5) Погода, очевидно, изменится завтра. 6) Раньше я его никогда не видел. 7) Последнее время я там не был. 8) Я еще не читал письмо. 9) Вы когда-нибудь видели его? 10) Он всегда приходит рано. 11) Он всегда здесь в 9 утра. 12) Он только что закончил читать. 13) Я всегда могу доказать это. 14) Он может идти еще быстрее. 15) Я не вполне хорошо себя чувствую. 16) Говорите громко и ясно. 17) Он бежал очень быстро. 18) Ярко светит солнце. 19) Он дешево купил часы. 20) Ты не сдашь экзамен, если не будешь достаточно усердно работать. 21) Я тоже тебя люблю. 22) Летом ярко светит солнце. 23) Я тоже не читала эту книгу. 24) Последнее время я очень устаю. 25) Он всегда пьет чай с молоком. 26) Он только что закончил переводить. 27) Я всегда могу помочь ему. 28) Он все еще работает. 29) Она все еще любит его.
PROGRESS TEST
Unit 1 Translate into English. 1) Его рот был широко открыт. 2) Это очень подозрительно. 3) Он пришел поздно. 4) Он едва мог двигаться. 5) Они подошли близко, чтобы лучше его слышать.
Unit 2 Put the adverbs in their usual position. 6) (usually) I go to the café. 7) (finally) They have caught the cat. 8) (often) We eat seafood. 9) (generally) This kind of work is well-paid. 10) (probably) He isn’t coming. 11) (never) He tells a lie. 12) (hardly) There is a space here. 13) (very much) I don’t like the book. 14) (seldom) We go there. 15) (always) She stays in bed on Sunday morning. 16) (loudly) Two girls were talking. 17) (enough) She thinks he is not good for her. 18) (lately) She has spent a lot of money. 19) (sometimes) I can see what he’s doing. 20) (last year) We had a marvelous holiday in France. 21) (never) I have been there. 22) (soon) I’ll come back. 23) (just) I have done the exercise. 24) (certainly) The money was on the table this morning. 25) (finally) The work is over. 26) (still) She takes a teddy bear to bed with her. 27) (anymore) She doesn’t drive a car. 28) (tomorrow, slightly, here) It will rain. 29) (still) I haven’t talked to him. 30) (easily) We climbed the hill.
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4. Using good and well