Студопедия КАТЕГОРИИ: АвтоАвтоматизацияАрхитектураАстрономияАудитБиологияБухгалтерияВоенное делоГенетикаГеографияГеологияГосударствоДомЖурналистика и СМИИзобретательствоИностранные языкиИнформатикаИскусствоИсторияКомпьютерыКулинарияКультураЛексикологияЛитератураЛогикаМаркетингМатематикаМашиностроениеМедицинаМенеджментМеталлы и СваркаМеханикаМузыкаНаселениеОбразованиеОхрана безопасности жизниОхрана ТрудаПедагогикаПолитикаПравоПриборостроениеПрограммированиеПроизводствоПромышленностьПсихологияРадиоРегилияСвязьСоциологияСпортСтандартизацияСтроительствоТехнологииТорговляТуризмФизикаФизиологияФилософияФинансыХимияХозяйствоЦеннообразованиеЧерчениеЭкологияЭконометрикаЭкономикаЭлектроникаЮриспунденкция |
Sports and Games in the USA and Great BritainСтр 1 из 3Следующая ⇒
Министерство образования Республики Беларусь Учреждение образования «Гомельский государственный университет имени Франциска Скорины” С.В. Короткевич, Т.А. Лобанкова Практическое пособие по практике устной и письменной речи по теме « спорт. Здоровый образ жизни.» Для студентов II курса специальностей 1 – 02 03 06 01 "Английский язык", 1- 02 01 02 04 «История. Английский язык» Гомель 2008 УДК 811.111 (075.8) К 687
Рецензенты: С.И. Сокорева, доцент, кандидат педагогических наук; кафедра теории и практики английского языка учреждения образования «Гомельский государственный университет имени Франциска Скорины»
Рекомендовано к изданию научно-методическим советом учреждения образования "Гомельский государственный университет имени Франциска Скорины"
Короткевич С.В. Практика устной и письменной речи: Практическое пособие К 687 для студентов III курса специальностей 1- 02 03 06 01 "Английский язык", 1- 02 01 02 04 «История. Английский язык» / С.В. Короткевич, Т.А. Лобанкова; Мин-во обр. РБ.- Гомель: УО «ГГУ им. Ф. Скорины», 2008.- 75 с. В практическое пособие включены тексты и упражнения теме «Спорт юздоровый образ жизни. Практическое пособие адресовано студентам III курса специальностей 1- 02 03 06 01 «Английский язык», 1- 02 01 02 04 «История. Английский язык». УДК 811.111 (075.8)
© Короткевич С.В., Лобанкова Т.А., 2006 © УО «ГГУ им. Ф. Скорины», 2008
SPORTS AND GAMES Topical Vocabulary Sport • amateur/recreational sport • professional sport • spectator sport — a sport that attracts many spectators: football, basketball, baseball, etc. • spectacular sport — thrilling, dramatic, making a very fine display or show • sports equipment/shop/club/field • sportsmanship Outdoor sports archery, biathlon, car racing (AmE), field hockey (AmE)/hockey (BrE), modern pentathlon, motor racing (AmE)/motox cycling (BrE), shooting, track and field events (AmE) (hurdle racing, javelin throwing, jumping, running, vaulting)/athletics (BrE) Equestrian sports horse racing, polo, steeplechase Water sports canoeing, diving, rowing, sailing, surfboarding, swimming, water polo, water skiing, windsurfing, yachting Winter sports bandy, bobsledding, bobsleighing (BrE), figure skating, ice hockey, luge (tobogganing), ski-jumping, skiing, slalom, speed skating Indoor sports artistic gymnastics (calisthenics), boxing, fencing, gymnastics, weight-lifting, wrestling Team sports football (Л/я.£)/Атепсап football (BrE), baseball, basketball, soccer (AmE)/football (BrE), handball, rugby (rugger - coll.), volleyball, cricket Individual games badminton, billiards, bowling (AmE)/bowls (BrE), golf, table tennis, tennis Indoor games checkers (AmE)/draughts (BrE), chess, squash
Contest/competition/game/match/meet/event/tournament/championship contest— a formal game or match in which two or more people, teams,etc. compete and attempt to win competition- 1) a contest in which a winner is selected from among two or more entrants e.g. Are you thinking of entering the fishing competition? 2) a series of games, sports, events, etc. e.g. qualification competition game (AmE)/match (BrE) – 1) a contest with rules e.g. Today's baseball game is very important. 2) a single period of play in a contest, sport, etc. 3) a single contest in a series, match e.g.cup/final/semi-final match 4) (pl.; often capitalized) an event consisting of various sporting contests, esp. in athletics e.g. Olympic Games, Highland Games meet (AmE)/meeting (BrE) - a formal game or sports event in which people, teams, etc. compete to win e.g. The ail-American track meet is scheduled for Saturday. an exhibition meet, a boxing meet (sport) event — any contest in a program of sporting or other contests e.g. The high jump is his event. big/major event tournament— 1) a sporting competition in which contestants play a series of games to determine an overall winner e.g. Laura has never actually won a professional golf tournament but she still earns a good living by playing. 2) a meeting for athletic or other sporting contestants e.g. an archery tournament, a chess tournament, a tennis tournament championship— any of various contests held to determine a champion in a particular sport e.g.Lendi was knocked out in the first round of the US Open tennis championship. Bout/half/innings/period/round/run/set bout — a boxing or wrestling or sumo contest half - (in soccer) either of two equal periods of time into which a sports game is divided e.g. No goals were scored in the first half. innings - 1) (in cricket) a time during which a team or single player is batting e.g. England made 25 runs in their first innings. 2) (in baseball) a time during which one team is batting e.g. After four innings the score remains 1-1. period— (in boxing) a definite, timed part of a game e.g. a rest between two periods round— (in golf, boxing) a stage in a contest, competition e.g. a qualified round, to play a round of golf The fight lasted only five rounds. Norwich were knocked out in the third round of the Cup. run- a point scored in cricket or baseball e.g. He was in for twenty minutes before scoring his first run. Our team won by 87 runs. set- (in a tennis match) a group of six or more games forming part of a match e.g. She won the first set easily. A five-set match. Summer/Winter Olympics/Olympic Games • Olympic events (sports) • International Olympic Committee (IOC) • opening (inauguration) ceremony • Olympic motto - "Citius, altius, fortius" • Olympic oath Participation • athlete (Am^/sportsman (woman) (BrE) • fan/supporter/sport watcher • cheerleader • opponent (rival) • sports lover • team: national/junior team • participant/competitor • to enter/to take part in a competition • to participate in a competition/the Olympic Games • to participate hors concurs • to root (AE/support/shout for/be a fan of • to compete against/with smb (in smth) for smth e.g. Not many teams are to compete in the championship against/ with each other for the title/to win the title. • to compete for the World Cup Coaching • coach e.g. Many basketball coaches took up coaching after successful playing careers. • to coach smth/in smth e.g. Martin coaches tennis after school. • to coach smb e.g. He coached the 1987 United States Olympic basketball team which won the gold medal. • trainer • to train smb to do smth Winning and losing ;lfo to beat smb in/at to beat smb in the last round/a match/game/competition/tournament to beat smb at + Noun (chess/football/tennis) to beat smb at + Gerund (swimming/running/playing golf) to beat/break a record to set up the record to come in first/last to win a prize/cup/game/match/meet/the victory to win a point e.g. How many points have they won? to win the team/personal/national/world championship to win/lose by the points to win/lose by 2/3 goals/points to win with the score 4 to 0 in smb's favor winner/loser to tie (AmE.)/draw {BrE) e.g. 1 won the first competition and tied with Wilson in the second, to draw a game/match to tie/draw e.g. If there is a tie, the prize money will be split, to end in a draw e.g. If the final ends in a draw, the game will be decided on penalties. Scoring • score e.g. The score of the game was 6-4 (six to four). He scored 20 points. Neither side scored in the game. • to keep the score • to score a goal/point Word Combinations starting signal to stop watch to warm up to be scheduled for athletic training to abide by the rules to break/violate the rules to kick the ball to run a lap morning setting up exercises/morning push-ups (coll.) On your marks!/Ready! Get set! /Steady! Go! physical development/education/fitness/training in top physical condition to qualify for the finals/for the championship
Text A Sports and Games in the USA and Great Britain
Pre-reading. Learn how to pronounce the following words and word combinations: physical prowess, endurance, ancient, lacrosse, jousting, temporarily, championship, tournament, steeple chasing, hurdle racing, obstacles, intercollegiate association (games), regatta, combative sports Games and competitions involving physical strength, skill, and endurance have interested people from the earliest times. Competitions involving physical prowess or simulated combat date from prehistoric times and probably are as old as community life. Although most ancient peoples took part in such sports as boxing and wrestling, some developed organized sports. The American Indians, for example, played games resembling lacrosse, field hockey, and bowling and engaged in foot racing and horse racing. In the Middle Ages tournaments gained wide popularity. Jousting was a sport of the nobility; the sport of the common people in England was archery. The British invented and developed many of the sports and games played throughout the world; interest and participation have increased as a result of improved facilities, more time and widespread coverage. Association football, one of the most popular sports, was first codified and developed in England during the 19th century. Now all countries hope to compete for the World Cup. There are two types of rugby football — the 15-a-side Rugby Union played by amateurs and the 13-a-side Rugby League played mainly in the North of England by professionals. The modern form of hockey was started in the 19th century by the Hockey Association of England. Cricket, a summer sport, is played with a small ball covered with leather, a bat, and wickets, by two teams of eleven players each. It is known to have been played as early as the 1550s and is popular in most of the countries which were once a part of the British Empire, and in the countries which were temporarily occupied by the British military. So, besides England, Australia and New Zealand, cricket matches are held, for examplej in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and West Indies. Golf originated in Scotland and the headquarters of the game is at St. Andrews on the East coast. The British Open Golf Championship is one of the world's leading tournaments. Modern lawn tennis originated in England in 1872 and the annual Wimbledon Championships, widely regarded as the most important of the world tennis events, were first held in 1877. Boxing in its modern form dates from 1865 when the Marquess of Queens-berry drew up a set of rules rewarding skill and eliminating much of the brutality that had characterized prize-fighting. Administered by the Jockey Club, horse racing takes two forms - flat (from late March to early November) and steeplechasing or hurdle racing (from August to early June). In flat racing, the horses run on level or flat ground; in steeplechasing they jump over obstacles (fences). Britain has a large number of sailing events, one of the world's principal regattas being held each year at Cowes in the Isle of Wight. The rowing calendar includes the Oxford and Cambridge University Boat Race, the Head of the River Race and the Henley Regatta, all held on the river Thames. Other important water sports include swimming and windsurfing. Indoor games such as snooker, darts, squash and badminton are also popular. In the middle of the 19th century the schools and colleges in England, followed by similar institutions in the United States, began a revival of athletics that continues today. Now athletics forms an important part of the educational system in the USA. There is a vivid distinction between amateur and professional sport in the US. Sportsmen (or athletes) engage in amateur athletics for fun, whereas participation in professional sports is generally done for money as well as pleasure. The Amateur Athletic Union of the United States and the Intercollegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America control all amateur sports. The principal amateur athletic sports in the US are college football and basketball. Other popular team sports include baseball, hockey and soccer. Among sports for individual competition are tennis, including table tennis, badminton and handball; combative sports, such as boxing, fencing and wrestling; water sports, including swimming, diving and rowing; winter sports, such as skiing and skating; golf and bowling. The chief professional sports are major-league baseball, basketball and football; others include boxing, wrestling, golf, tennis and hockey.
Comprehension
1.Say whether the following statements are true or false. Find the lines in the text that support your answer. 1. In fact, such sports as lacrosse, field hockey, bowling and horse racing were invented by the American Indians. 2. Many different sports were developed in Britain in the 19th century. 3. The headquarters of golf is located in Great Britain. 4. Two types of rugby football differ from each other only in the number of players. 5. Before 1865, brutality was a characteristic feature of prize fighting. 6. Cricket is widely spread in the English-speaking countries. 7. Schools and colleges in England followed similar institutions in the US in the revival of sports. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Последнее изменение этой страницы: 2018-04-12; просмотров: 299. stydopedya.ru не претендует на авторское право материалов, которые вылажены, но предоставляет бесплатный доступ к ним. В случае нарушения авторского права или персональных данных напишите сюда... |