Two Very Different Brothers

Лингвистическая теория. 2 курс, 2 семестр

Практическое занятие №1-2

Учебник Н.К. Ивановой “English Lexicology” – задания к семинару 1.

Практическое занятие №3-4

Учебник Н.К. Ивановой “English Lexicology” – задания к семинару 2.

Практическое занятие №5-6

Учебник Н.К. Ивановой “English Lexicology” – задания к семинару 3.

Практическое занятие №7-8

Тема: Idioms.Phraseological Units.

Task 1: Match these idioms with their meanings. Translate the idioms.

Task 2: Match these idioms with their Russian equivalents. Translate the idioms.

A storm in a tea-cup Здравствуйте, я ваша тетя

Madam, I am Adam Крепкий орешек

Business before pleasure Никогда не падай духом

Land of milk and honey В тесноте, да не в обиде

A hard nut to crack Буря в стакане воды

Every cloud has a silver lining Не буди лихо, пока спит тихо

Let sleeping dog lie Делу время– потехе час

Never say die Молочные реки, кисельные берега

The more, the merrier Нет худа без добра

Task 3: Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. What is your favourite way of killing time?
2. She leads her husband by the nose.
3. He likes to throw dust in one’s eyes.
4. It’s hard to deal with her because of the wind in her head.
5. We see eye to eye, it’s hard to make us quarrel.
6. After all you have to stew in your own juice.
7. “We must throw salt on his tail at last”, the policeman said.

Task 4: Choose an idiom to replace the expression in the brackets. Translate the sentences:

1. "Please stop that (mischief) and do some serious work."

(a) dog and pony show (b) monkey business (c) piggyback (d) road hog

2. The little boy asked many questions until his mother finally said that (asking too many questions will get him into trouble).

(a) the cat had got his tongue (b) you can't teach an old dog new tricks (c) curiosity killed the cat (d) there is more than one way to skin a cat

3. "Please (be patient and wait) while I make a phone call."

(a) call the dogs off (b) have a whale of a time (c) flog a dead horse (d) hold your horses

4. The new product is (a good source of money) for our company.

(a) a cash cow (b) as strong as an ox (c) a horse of a different color (d) a dark horse

5. The little boys thought that their friend was (easily frightened) because he would not play with the dog.

(a) as awkward as a cow on roller skates (b) a kangaroo court (c) as quiet as a mouse (d) a scaredy-cat

6. Our supervisor has a reputation for (watching and controlling) the workers.

(a) living high off the hog on (b) riding herd on (c) horsing around with (d) going ape with

7. When the police arrived the two men looked frightened and suddenly (ran away).

(a) hit the bull`s eye (b) let the cat out of the bag (c) turned tail (d) cried wolf

8. I heard about the plans for the new magazine article (directly from the person responsible).

(a) off his high horse (b) straight from the horse`s mouth (c) in two shakes of a lamb's tail (d) in a pig`s eye

9. The car engine stopping while driving on the freeway was the (thing that finally made me decide to do something) so I finally sold the car.

(a) straw that broke the camel`s back (b) black sheep of the family (c) cat on a hot tin roof (d) wolf in sheep`s clothing

10. The businessman really (misjudged his chance of success) when he found an unreliable partner for his business.

(a) led a dog`s life (b) bet on the wrong horse (c) cast pearl`s before swine (d) made a mountain out of a molehole

11. He is the (most important person) in his company.

(a) holy cow (b) dog in the manger (c) alley cat (d) top dog

12. I had not seen my cousin for a long time so when we finally met we talked (for a long time).

(a) in the dog house (b) as busy as a beaver (c) until the cows came home (d) like lambs to the slaughter

13. "You should (not worry about the problems from before). It is too late to do anything about them."

(a) lock the barn door after the horse is gone (b) let sleeping dogs lie (c) buy a pig in a poke (d) bark up the wrong tree

14. "Do not be afraid of your new neighbor. Her (words are worse than her actions)."

(a) tail is wagging the dog (b) tail is between her legs (c) looks are like something the cat dragged in (d) bark is worse than her bite

15. My grandfather moved to the country to get away from the (busyness and confusion) in the city.

(a) white elephant (b) horse trading (c) rat race (d) horse sense

16. The young boy (pretended to be asleep) when his friend came into the room.

(a) went to the dogs (b) put on the dog (c) served as a guinea pig (d) played possum

17. The man who owns the store is (very dishonest).

(a) as crooked as a dog's hind leg (b) as clean as a hound's tooth (c) as stubborn as a mule (d) bright-eyed and bushy-tailed

18. We had (an exciting and interesting time) at the conference.

(a) a cock-and-bull story (b) a whale of a time (c) the best-laid plans of mice and men (d) a bull in a china shop

19. My supervisor is always angry so I do not like to (get into an argument with) her.

(a) lock horns with (b) monkey around with (c) go hog-wild with (d) make a monkey out of

20. We were (supporting someone who could not win) but still we continued to support our candidate in the election.

(a) killing the fatted calf (b) making a silk purse out of a sow's ear (c) backing the wrong horse (d) separating the sheep from the goats

Task 5: Переведите предложения на русский язык, подбирая соответствия выделенным фразеологизмам.

1. The most depressing rumours are about here as to the next... production — Julius Caesar or some such obsolete rubbish... Will nothing persuade him that Queen Anne is deadl

2. I could not let him talk to me like some Dutch uncle.

3. She offered me a choice between French and Russian dressing, and I chose the latter, and

she brought something red in a small saucer.

4. He replied that The Star-Spangled Banner was the greatest piece of music ever composed.

5. They couldn't touch him because he was Tarzan, Cain and the Flying Dutchman.

6. Aunt Ursula knew Oswald well enough to be a little suspicious of his Greek gifts, but could

not help being flattered by his attention.

7. This is a Trust Fund. Anything that it supports must be Caesar's wife.

8. In short, gentlemen, I come to you bearing an olive branch.

9. At last he would return, like the prodigal son, gloomy, worn out, and disgusted with himself.

10. They motored up, taking Michael Mont, who, being in his seventh heaven, was found by

Winifred 'very amusing'.

Практическое занятие №9-10

Тема: Перевод фразеологических единиц и идиом

Task 1: Translate the text into Russian, paying attention to the translation of all idioms.

Two Very Different Brothers

At school, Randy was shy and as quiet as a mouse. He was also very clever. He had a twin brother, Jason. Jason loved football and had to work like a dog to make good grades. In school, Randy was the bookworm. He loved to read. But without his glasses he could not see. He was as blind as a bat. Jason ate like a horse and was two hundred pounds at age seventeen. Both of them were early birds and got out of bed at four every morning. Randy read and studied. Jason went training. Today, because they were pigheaded and did not give up, Jason is quarterback for the Glendale Geeks, and Randy is the owner of the team.

Задание 2.Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на поиск идентичных или аналогичных фразеологизмов.

1. Не had to keep a sharp eye on his sister for the sake of her good.

2. The woman obviously had the gift of second sight, whatever it might be.

3. It was still not unheard of for an angry parent to cut off his son with a shilling.

4. If you haven't been born under a lucky star you just have to work all the harder to get what you want.

5. Oh, by the way, if you want a bath, take one. There ain't a Peeping Tom on the place.

6. The mere sound of that execrable, ugly name made his blood run cold and his breath come in laboured gasps.

7. He would stand second to none in his devotion to the custom.

8. I can't make out how you stand London society when it has gone to the dogs, a lot of damned nobodies talking about nothing.

9. According to Michael, they must take it by the short hairs, or they might as well put up the shutters.

10. He knew how the land lay between his hopes and the number of missions Colonel Cathcart was constantly increasing.

11. I thought it my duty to warn you, but I'm prepared to take the rough and the smooth.

Задание 3. Найдите английские соответствия крылатым словам в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения, поясняя значение фразеологизма там, где это требуется по контексту.

1. Выражение Иов многострадальный заимствовано из Библии и употребляется в значении: человек, безропотно переносящий бедствия и испытания.

2. Последним из могикан называют последнего представителя общественной группы, поколения или типа людей.

3. Бог запретил Адаму вкушать плоды со всех деревьев, за исключением древа познания добра и зла, плоды которого объявил запретными.

4. Метафора почить на лаврах означает, что человек удовлетворен достигнутым и склонен отдохнуть от трудоаи свершений.

5. Выражение львиная доля заимствовано из басни Эзопа о льве, который с помощью других зверей поймал оленя, а потом силой и угрозами заставил их отдать ему добычу целиком.

6. Сказано в Евангелии: не мечите бисер перед свиньями -- зачем тратить время и красноречие на профанов, которые не способны этого оценить?

7. Незначительное, на первый взгляд, противоречие стало настоящим яблоком раздора, которое привело компанию к полному краху.

8. Вот уже много веков филологи всего мира пытаются разгадать тайну вавилонского столпотворения.

Задание 4. Восстановите полную форму фразеологических единиц в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Не had been a rolling stone too long to sit down in one place, breed cattle and wait for them to grow.

2. One look showed Swithin his condition. Drank again. This was the last straw.

3. He seized with avidity upon the subject, which had for him all the charm of forbidden fruit.

4. I wouldn't be surprised if he understood Hedda better than anybody does. I think they're birds of a feather.

5. Politicians look on the cliché as a friend in need.

6. Come on, you know where's the proof of the pudding!

7. My uncle was a rich man -- in other words, he paid the piper!

8. His father was a happy-go-lucky man, you might call him Jack of all trades.

9. Don't worry, Bob! We are two brave men with hands, brains and spine. So let the morn come!

Задание 5. Translate the following idioms into Russian:

1. an eye for an eye, and tooth for a tooth; 2. custom (habit, use) is a second nature; 3. he laughs best who laughs last; 4.. let bygons be bygons; 5. like two drops of water; 6. look before you leap; 7. my little finger told me that; 8. a new broom sweeps clean; 9. no bees, no honey; no work, no money; 10. (one) can't see before one's nose; 11. (one) can't say boo to the goose; 12. to pick one's chestnuts out of the fire; 13. a prodigal son; 14. (as) proud as a peacock; 15. to return like for like; 16. to see smth. with the corner of one's eye; 17. there is no smoke without fire; 18. a tree of knowledge; 19. a voice in the wilderness; 20. to wipe off the disgrace; 21. to wipe one/smth. off the face/surface of the earth; 22. with open arms; 23. with a rope round one's neck; 24. whom God would ruin, he first deprives of reason; 25. it is a bold mouse that nestles in the cat's ear; 26. fire and water are good servants but bad masters; 27. he who is born a fool is never cured; 28. beauty is a fading flower; 29. a bad beginning makes a bad ending (Greek); 30. a full belly makes a dull brain; 31. the belly is not filled with fair words; 32. bread and circus; 33. fair words fat few; 34. between the devil and the deep; 35. like water off the feathers of a duck; 36. what is writ is writ; 37. no sweet without sweat; 38. first come, first served; 39. eyes are bigger than the stomach; 40. not blink an eye; 41. work like a dog; 42. walk on air; 43. work one's fingers to the bone; 44. Alpha and Omega; 45. physician, heal thyself; 46. the salt of the earth.