Относительные местоимения (The Relative Pronouns)

Относительные местоимения who, whom, which, whose, that служат для связи придаточного определительного предложения с главным. Они являются членами придаточного предложения.

Who (whom) употребляется по отношению к лицам. I don’t know anyone who can do this. The woman who is sitting in the armchair is our aunt. The man whom you see is our teacher.

Which употребляется по отношению к неодушевленным предметам и животным, но используется реже, чем that. I’ve lost the umbrella which I bought last year.

That относится как к одушевленным, так и к неодушевленным предметам. Where is the girl that sells the tickets? The man that lives next door is very friendly.

Whose употребляется по отношению к лицам и иногда к предметам. This is the student whose father works in a bank. This is the book whose pages are missed.

Grammar Practice

Ex.1. Rewrite the following sentences.

Model: This is a book. – These are books. Those are wonderful buildings. – That is a wonderful building.

1. This car is in bad condition. 2. Are those articles boring? 3. I’m interested in this person. 4. These curtains are bright. 5. Is that shop in North Street? 6. This room isn’t very big. 7. Those men aren’t doctors.  8. That goose is old. 9. These oxen are very dangerous. 10. Are those children sociable and imaginative? 11. This young man is our group mate. 12. Do you know that nice woman? 13. These sweets are very tasty. 14. Is that pencil yours? 15. I like those flowers. 16. These pictures aren’t attractive. 17. Those deer are old. 18. This mouse is small.

Ex.2. Replace the words and phrases by the personal pronouns.

     1. Mr Groves; 2. a parcel; 3. Tim and Pat; 4. mother and father;       5. a heroine; 6. a lord; 7. my sister and I; 8. Mike and you; 9. phones;      10. gentlemen; 11. a doctor; 12. countries; 13. Mrs Thompson; 14. the Simons; 15. a baby; 16. a dog; 17. a ship; 18. morning; 19. money;          20. goods; 21. chess; 22. friends; 23. Germany; 24. the Germans; 25. the poor; 26. the disabled; 27. Economics; 28. scales; 29. nephew; 30. his relatives and I; 31. sir Henry; 32. a spinster; 33. stairs; 34. mumps.

Ex.3. Substitute the nouns for the personal pronouns.

     Model: Host – he, student – he / she, chairs – they.

     Plane, daughter, Tracy, hair, Ted and I, you and Joan, son-in-law, grandmother, niece, cousins, club, actor, princess, God, heroine, friends, Mary and I, waiter, men, games, women, nephew, step-parents, time, news, people, child, cartoon, water, clothes, Physics, lioness, Nancy and Kate.

Ex.4. Fill in the personal and possessive pronouns.

         1. John and Mary have got a house in the country. __ aren’t in the city. __ house is in the country. 2. I have got a computer. __ computer is modern. __ is of the latest fashion. 3. The cat has a plate. __ has a plate. __ plate is small. 4. Mother and I are in the kitchen. __ kitchen is well-equipped. __ are good at cooking. 5. Mike has a brother. __ brother’s name is Steve. __ is a sociologist. 6. Students, open __ books! __ task is to read Text 5. __ are good at reading, aren’t __? 7. Nick, what are __? – __ am a student. Are __ a first or second-year student? 8. Karen is Paul’s aunt. __ is an actress. __ skin is tanned.

Ex.5. Supply the suitable pronouns.

1. She is taller than __, but not so strong as __ am. 2. Ted is more intelligent than __ am, but __ is not so good at sports as __. 3. English is an international language. A lot of people are interested in __. ___ popularity is world-wide. 4. My elder sister Ann is smart. __ is busy with __ aerobics twice a week. 5. Brenda’s twin daughters are little. __ takes much care of __. __ room is upstairs. 6. Sue is 20. __ birthday is in a week. Let’s send __ a card. 7. Mary and I are going to the disco club. Kate, are __ going with __? __ are keen on dancing. 8. Jack is ill. Let __ go home. __ house isn’t far. 9. Can I borrow __ umbrella? – Sorry, it isn’t __ .

Ex.6. Choose the proper pronoun.

     1. Are these scissors (your / yours)? 2. Pam introduced me to a friend of (her / hers). 3. Is this (your / yours) seat? – It’s (my / mine).        4. The dog is nice and (it / its) hair is black. 5. Helen took (her / hers) discs. 6. It’s not (our / ours) room. (Our / Ours) is downstairs. 7. Whose keys are these? Are they (your / yours) or (their / theirs)? – (My / Mine) keys are on the shelf, they are (their / theirs). 8. Is that Tom’s bag? – No, it’s not (his / him). 9. Mind (your / yours) private life and don’t interfere with (our / ours). 10. (My / mine) printer is out of work. Could I use (your / yours)? 11. Ask Helen to lend (her / hers) textbook. 12. Where are the children’s clothes? – (Their / Theirs) clothes are on the chair.

Ex.7. Fill in the blanks with a possessive pronoun.

     1. This is … (I) bag and that one over there is … (you). 2. … (she) score is better than … (I). 3. … (they) holiday starts the week after … (we). 4. Can we have … (you) suggestion first and then we’ll hear … (he)? 5. I didn’t bother going to … (he) party and he won’t be coming to … (I). 6. … (we) flight is delayed but … (they) took off on time. 7. I wish … (I) voice was as good as … (she). 8. If you are a friend of … (he), then you are a friend of … (I), too. 9. We’ll leave … (she) house after dinner, so we should be at … (they) before 6 p.m.

Ex.8. Supply there or it and a personal pronoun (it, he, she, they) in the blanks.

     1.__ are a lot of people at the concert, and __ are fond of it. 2. __’s a policewoman waiting for you, __’s in your office. 3. __’s a parcel for you, __’s the book you you’ve been looking for. 4. __’s a new boy in our group today, __’s from Moscow. 5. __’s an article in today’s paper, __’s rather interesting. 6. __ are some students at the door, __’re from Ted’s group.   7. __’s much snow in the Arctic, __’s very cold there. 8. __’s strange that __’s no information on TV. 9. __’s too late, __’s no time left. 10. Near the park __ are two lakes, __ are frozen in winter. 11. __ looks like rain, __’s much rain this year. 12. __’s Christmas Day and everyone is happy. 13. __ takes me half an hour to get to the University on foot. 14. __’s no light on in the house. 15. Shall we take a taxi? – __’s too far to walk.

 Ex. 9. Replace the underlined words with proper personal pronouns.

 1. King Henry VIII ruled Britain in the XVII century. There are a lot of legends about this man. 2. Mary and I have been to some countries. Let (we, us, them) tell about one of (it, they, them). 3. Russia is the biggest country in the world. (It, She, They) takes one sixth of the territory of the planet. (I, We, She) are proud to be inhabitants of (her, it, us). 4. John, are (they, we you) busy tonight? – No, (I, he, we) am quite free. Would you like (I, me, him) to help? – Oh, yes, thanks. 5. The scissors are very sharp. Be careful working with (it, they, them). 6. There is little money left. Stop spending (them, it, they) wastefully. 7. English is spread all over the world. (It, He, They) is spoken everywhere on earth. 8. The English are rather different from other Europeans. (It, They, You) are known to be reserved, self-controlled and polite, aren’t (them, they, it)? 9. How do (we, they, you) find this film? – (He, It, She) is a bit dull. 10. Kate and Sue are fond of photographing. Let (they, them, her) show (us, I, they) some photos.   11. A lot of people have pets at home. Dogs and cats are more popular than birds. 12. Is there any sugar in the tea? – No, there is no sugar in the tea. Put (it, him, her) to your taste.