I. Read and translate the following sentences, change them into Future Indefinite Active.

She went to New York last year. (London next year).

Nick visited Washington last month. (Boston next month).

They left for Geneva two weeks ago. (Paris soon).

Kate lived in Italy last summer. (Spain next summer).

Ann started for France yesterday. (England on Friday).

The Petrovs went on a tour of Russia two years ago. (Ukraine next summer).

He left Yekaterinburg the day before yesterday. (Moscow the day after tomorrow).

They came from the USA a fortnight ago. (The UK in a day).

I was in Iraq last year. (Cuba soon). 

II. Ask if your classmate would like to do the following activities.

1. to get up early tomorrow

2. to go to the concert on Saturday

3. to watch TV in the evening

4. to help mother about the house

5. to read up for tomorrow’s classes

6. to meet with friends after classes

7. to go for a walk in the evening

8. to visit relatives next Saturday

9. to work in the library all day long tomorrow

10. to have dinner at the restaurant next Sunday

11. to go shopping after classes

12. to work at English on Sunday

13. to take exams in January

14. to attend lectures tomorrow

15. to go to bed at midnight.

III. Read quickly using Future Indefinite:

1. It is pleasant to think that we … soon have holidays. 2. … you be angry with me, if I don`t come? 3. I …do it soon, but I am afraid not today. 4. … he come and see us one of these days? 5. What … we read next? We … read Oliver Twist. 6. You … know all when you come. 7. I promise you that you … hear from me as soon as I am able to write. 8. … you be at home tomorrow night? 9. … you be disappointed if you don`t go to Moscow?

IV. Change the following sentences into interrogative or negative :

1. I shall take my examination in History on Monday. 2. They will leave Moscow in July. 3. We shall meet at the University. 4. She will call on them tomorrow. 5. I shall stay with my parents for a month. 6. Nina and her sister will be busy in the evening. 7. He will return in three hours. 8. There will be many students there. 9. There will be a meeting here today. 10. He will go to the country this Sunday.

Vocabulary and Speech Exercises

I. Choose the right word or word combination.

1. The queen’s Ministers form the Executive … of Britain.

a) Cabinet b) Government c) Parliament

2. The Cabinet is restricted to about … members.

a) twenty b) thirty c) ten

3. The prime Minister is the Head of ….

a) the House of Commons b) The Government c) Parliament  

4. All the Ministers owe their appointment to …

a) the Prime Minister b) the Queen c) the Government

5. The Prime Minister can advise the Queen to dissolve…

a) the government b) the Cabinet c) Parliament

6. The ministers of State are…

a) the Departmental Ministers b) Deputy Ministers c) the Junior Ministers.

II.Fill in the blanks with the following words:

MP, seat, traditions, wool, symbol, stuffed, space, members, Lords.

There are many _______ associated with both chamber of the Houses of the Parliament. The Woolsack, for instance, is a sort of stool stuffed with ________, originally placed in Parliament in Edward III’s reign as the ________ of the basis of England’s property at that time. Nowadays, it is the __________ of the Lord Chancellor, as Speaker of the House of _________ and is significantly _________ with a blend of wool from the colonies and dominions.

There is a place between the two sides of the Houses. In the House of Commons this ______ is approximately the width of two drawn swords. Formerly, the MPs, when very heated, sometimes drew swords and a fight began. Therefore, a ruler was imposed prohibiting _______ to cross the space. Today any _________ who puts a foot forward is called to order immediately by the Speaker and he has to apologize to the House. 

III. Choose the synonyms from the box.

To come –                                                      sin -

Horror –                                                         to proclaim -

Glory –                                                           suspicious -

Diverse –                                                        ruthless -

To set up -

IV. Fill in the blanks with the following words:

MP’s, debate, seat, Opposition, chamber, Bar, speech, back, benches, sides.

Seating arrangements in the House of Commons have existed for hundreds of years and reflect the nature of the party system. At the end is the _________ of the Speaker, and at the other end a formal barrier, known as the “___________”. Benches for the members run the length of the chamber, on both __________ . Benches to the right of the speaker are used by the Government and its supporters; those to the left are occupied by the sit on the front benches (and are therefore called “front-benches’). Younger and less experienced MPs sit on the ___________ (and are known as “back-benchers”). When the Prime Minister or any other leading politician makes a ________, they stand at the table in the centre, below the Speaker’s Chair. There are red lines running along each side of the ____________. By tradition, they must not be crossed, to either side attacking the other during a __________.

Scan the text and answer the questions.

THE ENGLISH POLITICAL HERITAGE

During the 1600s people from many regions, such as Spain, the Netherlands, France, Sweden, Norway, and West Africa, settled in North America. Most colonists, however, came from England. It was the English who established and governed the original thirteen colonies along the Atlantic coast.

The English colonists brought with them ideas about government that had been developing in England for centuries. By the 1600s English government offered its citizens political liberties, such as trial by jury, that were largely unknown elsewhere. At the heart of the English system were two principles of government. These principles – limited government and representative government – greatly influenced the development of the United States.

By the time the first colonists reached North America, the idea that government was not all-powerful had become an accepted part of the English system. The idea first appeared in the Magna Carta, or Great Charter, that King John signed in 1215. The Magna Carta established the principle of limited government, in which the power of the monarch, or government, was limited, not absolute. This document provided for protection against unjust punishment and the loss of life, liberty, and property except according to law. Under the Magna Carta, the king agreed that certain taxes could not be levied without popular consent.

The rights in the Magna Carta originally applied only to the nobility. During the next few centuries, however, other groups won political liberties, primarily through agreements between English monarchs and the nobility and merchants.

heritage – наследство, зд. наследие;

trial by jury – судебное разбирательство с участием присяжных;

to levy (taxes) – взимать, собирать налоги;

consent – согласие;

the nobility – дворянство, знать;

merchant – купец.

1. Did people from many regions settle in North America during the 1600s?

2. Most colonists came from England, didn`t they?

3. What political principles were brought by the colonists to America?

4. Who signed the Magna Carta?

5. When did King John sing the Magna Carta?

6. What provisions did the Magna Carta contain?

7. Who enjoyed the rights granted by the Magna Carta?

8. Did the rights in the Magna Carta originally apply to the nobility or to the merchants?

UNIT 6

THE US SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT