IV. Прочитайте текст. Письменно перепишите, а затем переведите часть текста, выделенную жирным шрифтом.

TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES

       Once appointed, staff may need training in their particular post. Such training can be either internal, within the company, or external, taking place outside the place of work. The aim is to improve the employee’s ability to do the job.

       There are two main forms of internal training. They are the following:

1. On-the-job training may be provided, i.e. the employee learns to do the job during normal working day. In the case of the Junior Clerk/Receptionist post this could involve being taught to use the telephone switchboard. The advantages of internal training are that it is usually less costly to the company, and that it is undertaken in the environment in which the employee will actually be working.

2. The company may organize short courses which the employees attend on the company’s premises. Organized by the training department, they are an important of off-the-job training.

Apart from internal training there are two main forms of external training practiced by many companies:

Day-release courses at local colleges are an important type of external training. For example, the accounting profession sends staff on day release to undertake Institute of Chartered Accountants courses.

It is possible that courses, like the one above, could be undertaken by correspondence. The employee would enroll with a correspondence college, which would send study-books and exercises for the employee to work through. The exercises would then be sent to the college for marking and comment. The advantage to the company of correspondence courses is that staff does not require time off work.

V. Ответьте письменно на вопрос по содержанию текста из задания IV.

What is on-the-job training?

Вариант IV

I. Переведите письменно следующие предложения.

1. Inflation is a steadily rise in the average price and wage level.

2. Tariffs, quotas and exchange control can all be used to limit imports and to divert demand to home-produced goods.

3. When goods are supplied on credit, the buyer has immediate use of them but does not have to make an immediate payment.

II. Выберите правильный перевод следующего английского предложения:

 The demand for time deposits is said to grow with an increase in household incomes.

a) Спрос на срочные вклады, как говорят, возрос с увеличением доходов семей.

b) Говорили, что спрос на срочные вклады возрос с увеличением доходов семей.

c) Спрос на срочные вклады, как говорят, возрастет с увеличением доходов семей.

d) Говорят, что спрос на срочные вклады возрастает с увеличением доходов семей.

e) Спрос на срочные вклады, как говорилось, возрастет с увеличением доходов семей.

1. c 2. c, d 3. a, c 4. e 5. b

III. Укажите, какие предложения можно считать правильным переводом следующего русского предложения:

Известно, что международная торговля приобрела свое современное состояние в XVII-XVIII веках.

a) International trade is known to assume its present form in the 17^th-18^th centuries.

b) It is known that international trade assumed its present form in the 17^th-18^th centuries.

c) It is known that international trade has assumed its present form in the 17^th-18^th centuries.

d) International trade is known to have assumed its present form in the 17^th-18^th centuries.

e) International trade is known to has assumed its present form in the 17^th-18^th centuries.

1. c, e 2. b, e 3. b, d   4. a 5. c  

IV. Прочитайте текст. Письменно перепишите, а затем переведите часть текста, выделенную жирным шрифтом.

MONEY AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Money has four functions: a medium of exchange or means of payment, a store of value, a unit of account and a standard of deferred payment. When used as a medium of exchange, money is considered to be distinguished from other assets.

 Money as the medium of exchange is believed to be used in one half of almost all exchange. Workers exchange labour for money, people buy or sell goods in exchange for money as well.

People do not accept money to consume it directly but because it can subsequently be used to buy things, they wish to consume. To see the advantages of a medium of exchange, imagine a barter economy, that is, an economy having no medium of exchange. Goods are traded directly or swapped for other goods. The seller and the buyer each must want something the other has to offer. Trading is very expensive. People spend a lot of time and effort finding others with whom they can make swaps. Nowadays, there exist actually no purely barter economies, but economies nearer to or farther from the barter type. The closer is the economy to the barter type, the more wasteful it is.Serving as a medium of exchange is presumed to have for centuries been an essential function of money.

V. Ответьте письменно на вопрос по содержанию текста из задания IV.

What are the main functions of money?

Вариант V

I. Переведите письменно следующие предложения.

1. Training of employees can be either internal, within the company, or external, taking place outside the place of work.

2. Under conditions of hyperinflation people lose confidence in the currency’s ability to carry out its functions.

3. A bank aims to make a profit by paying depositors a lower rate of interest than the rate the bank charges borrowers.

II. Выберите правильный перевод следующего английского предложения: 

The discount rate was reported to be raised.

a) Учетная ставка, как сообщается, была повышена.

b) Учетная ставка, как сообщалось, была повышена.                                                          

c) Сообщается, что учетная ставка повыситься.

d) Сообщалось, что учетная ставка будет повышена.

e) Сообщается, что учетная ставка повышается.

1. c, e 2. d 3. d 3. a 4. b 5. c, d

III. Укажите, какие предложения можно считать правильным переводом следующего русского предложения:

Считают, что цены поставок зависят от производственных издержек.

a) Economists believe supply prices to depend on production costs.

b) Supply prices are believed to depend on production costs.

c) There is an assumption that supply prices depend on production costs.

d) One believes supply prices to depend on production costs.

e) Supply prices were expected to depend on production costs.

1. b 2. a 3. b, e 4. c, d 5. b, d

IV. Прочитайте текст. Письменно перепишите, а затем переведите часть текста, выделенную жирным шрифтом.

MONEY AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Money has four functions: a medium of exchange or means of payment, a store of value, a unit of account and a standard of deferred payment. When used as a medium of exchange, money is considered to be distinguished from other assets.

 Money as the medium of exchange is believed to be used in one half of almost all exchange. Workers exchange labour for money, people buy or sell goods in exchange for money as well.

People do not accept money to consume it directly but because it can subsequently be used to buy things, they wish to consume. To see the advantages of a medium of exchange, imagine a barter economy, that is, an economy having no medium of exchange. Goods are traded directly or swapped for other goods. The seller and the buyer each must want something the other has to offer. Trading is very expensive. People spend a lot of time and effort finding others with whom they can make swaps. Nowadays, there exist actually no purely barter economies, but economies nearer to or farther from the barter type. The closer is the economy to the barter type, the more wasteful it is.Serving as a medium of exchange is presumed to have for centuries been an essential function of money.