Metrological assurance in Ukraine

The State Standardization System of Ukraine (SSSU)

The Decree №46-93 of the Cabinet Ministry of Ukraine on 10 May 1993 "About standardization and certification" defined legal andeconomic bases of the standardization system and established the organizational forms of their functioning on the territory of Ukraine. One of the basic directions of SSSU is realization of the unified technical policy on standardization and metrology, assurance of their interchangeability and production compatibility.

 State Ukraine Committee on Standardization, Metrology and Certification (SUCSMC) is the national standardization body of the country and creates the State Standardization System. 

One of the basic standardization principles in Ukraine is the harmonization with international, regional and, when it is necessary, national standards of other countries. The inter-state standards provided by the Decree are used as ДСТУ.

State standards of Ukraine contain the obligatory and the recommended requirements. The obligatory requirements include the metrological regulations, norms, requirements and standing orders, which provide technical uniformity when developing, manufacturing and using production, as well as the authenticity and traceability of measurements.

The ДСТУ 1.0-93 - “The State Standardization System of Ukraine. Basic regulations” and other standards and leading normative documents (LND) of the State Standardization System of Ukraine were confirmed by the SUCSMC’s order on the base of the Decree in July 1993.

 According to ДСТУ (1.0-93) the objects of the standardization are the metrological norms, regulations, requisitions and organization of works on МA of system of quantities and units, reliable data about properties of substances and materials.

In April 1993 the Cabinet of Ministry of Ukraine accepted the Decree № 32-93 from 08.04.93 "About state supervision for observing standards, norms and regulations and responsibility for their violation".

According to this decree the state supervision for observing standards, norms; regulations and measurement instruments condition is executed by the State Standard Organization of Ukraine, its territorial

bodies which are the standardization, metrology and certification centers, as well as other bodies, authorized by the valid legislation.

One of the forms of the state supervision on MIs is the development and conducting of the state MI register.

The State register is conducted on behalf of the SUCSMC by Standardization, Metrology and Certification Center of Ukraine according to the regulation "About state register of measurement instruments. " Confirmed in March 1992.

The regulation specifies the basic tasks, the process of development and conducting of the State register of MIs and the state standard samples of composition and properties of substances and materials, which can be used in Ukraine. The State register is intended for registration of MIs that have passed state testing, and state standard samples of composition and properties of substances and materials, which have been certified and approved for production (import) and use in Ukraine.

The first new measurement instruments included in the State register are:

- temperature transducers of electrical resistance and thermo-emf transducers (14 names) of Lutsk production union (PU) “Electrothermometriya” and Lviv PU “Thermoprylad”;

- pyrometric transducers [2] of Kamyanetsk-Podilsky instrument plant;

- weights and strain- measuring equipment [4] of Kyiv PU "Veda’’, 

- material measures of electrical capacitance and reactive- energy meters [3] of Kyiv CE “Rostok”;

- measurement installations [3] of Zhytomyr PU "Electrovymiryuvach";

    - measurement instruments of harmonic distortion factor [2] of Kyiv PU named by S.P. Korolyov and others.

Technical standardization committees

Technical standardization committees (ТC) of Ukraine have been established according to the SUC SMC resolution for the organization and assurance of development, consideration, examination, coordination and preparation to validation of the ДСТУs and other normative standardization documents as well as for performance of works on the interstate (regional) standardization.

The technical standardization committees are the association of plenipotentiaries of enterprises concerned, foundations and organizations-customers (consumers, developers, manufacturers), standardization, metrology and certification bodies and other public organizations, as well as leading scientists and specialists engaged in the TC activity as volunteers .

The Technical committees perform their activity according to the principal regulation affirmed by the Ukrainian State Standard Organization and the license agreement.

They can’t operate with the aim of profit. The technical committee acquires rights of juridical person from the moment of its registration by bodies that perform the state registration of new businesses.

The structure of the Ukrainian ТC corresponds to the ТC structures of the international standardization organizations (ISO, IEC, etc.).

 The subcommittees (SC), work groups (WG), formed to complete a certain task with the corresponding delimitation of the spheres of their competence, can be parts of the TC.

The SC is organized in a similar way with the ТC structure.

TCs, which act in the field of metrology and measuring engineering in Ukraine, are listed in Table 1, their relationships with the corresponding TCs, ISOs, and IEC international TCs are given in Table2.

Analysis of the ТC nomenclature on many directions of standardization of measurement instruments and equipment shows lack of suitable TCs.

That’s why it is necessary to develop optimal networks of TCs. First of all it is concerned with measurements of liquids in closed and open channels, gases analysis, acoustic measurements, measuring instruments and electric measurement equipment.

Table 1

The list of the Ukraine technical committees in the field of metrology and measuring engineering:

Some ТCs of Ukraine take part in the activity of ТC ISO and IEC. First of all one should mention ТC 30 (IТC 36) on transformers and high-voltage apparatus standardization, ТК 65 on devices of the industrial control and regulation.

Table 2

Interconnection between the interstate, international ТCs and Ukraine TCs

Metrological assurance in Ukraine

The State Standard Organization of Ukraine is the national verification service (SMS Department). The principal organization, responsible for the traceability of measurements in the country is Kharkiv SPU "Metrology ".

The Cabinet of Ministry of Ukraine has adopted Decree № 40-93, 26.04.93 “About guarantee of measurements traceability" which regulates the development of the metrological service (MS) in Ukraine. This service organizes all procedures on the assurance of traceability of measurements, performs tasks connected with the elaboration of the standard basis and unit-size transfer procedure from standards to working measurement instruments.

The SI system is used in Ukraine. Names of the units, that are used in Ukraine, as well as their multiples and submultiples, designations and regulations of their spelling are stated by the SUCSMC.

МS bodies carry out state metrological supervision (SMS) and departmental control (DC). The objects of the SMS and DC are:

-measurement instruments and measurement information systems;

-measurement procedures and other normative acts which establish the requirements for measurements;

-packed goods in packs of any kind during selling and packaging;

- other objects specified in metrological norms and regulations.

The following forms of the SMS are established:

- validation of MI type;

- state control tests of MI;

- verification and metrological certification of MI;

- licensing of fabrication, repair and import of MI;

- permission issue on verification, calibration, renting and selling of MI;

-checkup of the packaged goods amount during selling and

packaging.

Validation of the MI type and inclusion of it in the state register of MI is performed by the State Standard of Ukraine after positive results of state tests and confirmation of possibility of their metrological assurance during usage.

The SPU " Metrologia" (Kharkiv) is the main organization in Ukraine on assurance of measurement traceability, which must coordinate research on metrology and develop long-term programs on creation and operation of the national base of standards. It was empowered by the SUCSMC order №61 from 06.07.92 to provide organizational and technical support of metrological service’s operation.

By this order Kharkiv, Lviv and Ukrainian Centers of Standardization, Metrology and Certification were assigned as supporting organizations for the implementation of research development results, as well as organizations responsible for specific measurements were confirmed.

The following measurements were specified for the SPU "Metrology":

- capacity, level;

- time and frequency (together with UkrCSM and State RI "System" (Lviv);

- electric current, amounts of electricity, electromotive force (ЕMF), voltage, electric resistance (together with Kharkiv CSM);

- parameters of magnetic fields, magnetic characteristics of materials;

 - ignals intensity, parameters of form and spectrum of signals;

 - parameters of tracks with concentrated and distributed parameters, properties of materials by radio engineering methods;

 - ow, middle and high temperatures, measurement of thermophysical quantities at  these temperatures;

 - length and mass, parameters of complicated working planes, parameters of motion, strength;

- absolute pressure, variable pressure in the range of (1∙10²-2∙10⁶) Pa, vacuum;

 - characteristics of photomaterials, density, light, optical materials properties, in the visible spectrum range;

- power parameters of incoherent optical radiation, parameters of optical elements and their characteristics;

- power parameters of continuous and impulse laser and quasi-

monochromatical radiation, spatial distribution of energy, spectral-frequency characteristics;

- standard samples of composition and properties of substances and materials.

The State Research Institute "System" is responsible for:

- metrological assurance of information-measurement systems and automatic systems of technological processes control;

- certification of analytic, measurement laboratories and test departments (organizations);

-  antenna measurements;

- contact thermometry;

- acoustic measurements in air, water environment, in gases and solids;

UkrSMC performs the following measurements:

- volume and volume flow rates of liquids;

- d.c. and a.c. high voltage, a.c. current in the frequency band

20 Hz - 300 МHz;

- power, energy, scale factor, angle of phase shift;

- capacitance, inductivity, Q-factor, inductance, loss tangent;

- indexes of electric power quality;

- antenna parameters with working expansion dimensions

dimensions below 2m;                                                                             

- lengths from 0 to 100 mm, form deviation of tooled planes;

- angles, planes, accelerations under percussion motion, vibrodisplacements, vibrospeeds and vibroaccelerations;

- gauge pressure below 250 МPa, pressure difference below 4∙10⁴ Pascal, absolute pressure below (2,7∙10²) Pa;

- angle of the polarization plane rotation in the visible spectrum range, diffraction indexes of solid and liquid transparent matters, back top refraction of spherical ocular lenses;

- spectral coefficients of directed transmission in the range of wave-lengths (400-750) mm, (0,2-50) mm, diffusive and mirror reflection in the range of wave-lengths (0,4-0,75) mm;

- kinematic  viscosity or density of liquids, components concentration in gaseous environments, humidity of gases;

- electrochemical measurements;

- references sources.

The Standardization and Metrological Center in Dnipropetrovsk is responsible for measurements of liquids expenditures; the SMC in Ivano-Frankivsk - for measurement of expenditure and amount of gas; the SMC in Kharkiv - for measurement of EMF and electric resistance,

force, keeping, usage, research and improvement of EMF and electric resistance working standards; the SMC in Bila Tserkva - for measurement of ionizing radiations, keeping, usage, research and improvement of working standards on ionizing radiations.

One of the major aspects of the measurements traceability assurance is the development and improvement of the standards base. In the former USSR there were about 150 primary standards of the PQ units. In Ukraine, only the SPU" Metrologia" maintains 11 standards. So far there are no standards of the basic physical quantities of length, mass, time, current, thermodynamic temperature, luminous intensity, amount of substance.

 That's why the SUCSMC has developed the program of the Ukraine standards base creation. If this program is

performed, the country would have 82 state and 74 working standards of world level.