BEFORE  AFTER DURING   WHILE   AGO 

Before-ingandafter-ing:I always have breakfast beforegoing to work (=before I go to work). I started work afterreading the newspaper (= after I read the newspaper).

During + noun: during the film

While + verb: We didn’t speak whilewe were eating.

Ago  refers to past time (one year ago = one year since it happened): Five years ago I went to the tropics.

E x e r c i s e s

2.14. Complete the sentences. Use before/during/after + the best ending from the box.

2.15. Put in during or while.

2.16. Put in before or ago.

2.17. Translate into English. Use before/during/after/while.

1) Прежде чем съесть яблоко, она тщательно его вымыла.

2) Не забудь закрыть окно, перед тем как уйти.

3) Пока мы играли в теннис, начался дождь.

4) Кто-то за ночь украл машину.

5) Мы многому научились за курс обучения испанскому языку.

6) После посещения магазинов они пошли домой.

ReviEW exercises

(Prepositions of time)

Put in the missing prepositions of time where necessary.

1) A new line of goods is due to appear on the market ..... half a year.

2) The tourists got to the hotel just ..... time. Some minutes later a terrible storm broke out.

3) ..... the end of the match it started raining.

4) We tried to persuade him to accept our proposal. ..... the end he agreed.

5) The lesson didn't start ..... time, because the electricity was cut off for some time.

6) Don't write a report ..... you get all the necessary information.

7) This information may be very useful ..... the near future.

8) The mountains looked fantastic ..... sunset.

9) May I phone you ..... eleven? Isn't it too late?

10) ..... present our group is working out a new management strategy.

11) They'll get married ..... next summer.

12) We have to wait for the answer ..... Friday. It's too late.

13) Mr and Mrs Smith have been married ..... 1961.

14) They didn't say a word to each other ..... they were travelling.

15) The first man walked on the Moon ..... 21 July 1969.

16) Rock-n-roll became popular in the United States ..... the 1960s.

Correct the mistakes.

1) My interview is on 4 o’clock in Friday.

2) We’ve been waiting here from ten minutes.

3) Are you leaving at Sunday morning?

4) He worked in a bank during three years.

5) My friends are on holiday on August.

6) I always visit my parents in Christmas.

7) Tom usually plays football in the weekend.

8) They’ve known me on my childhood.

9) She was born in March 3^rd at 1970.

10) Kate was listening to the radio during she was taking a bath.

11) The doctors operated on the man just on time to save his life.

12) Are you doing anything in the end of next week?

13) Ken fell asleep in front of the TV in the football match.

14) The clock stopped in midnight.

15) He found his new contact lenses strange at first, but he got used to them at the end.

16) The President of the firm is busy in the moment. He'll let us know when he is free.

Complete the news item about the British runner Stan Crowe. Put in the missing prepositions.

Stan Crowe hopes to run against James Boto of Kenya in a 1500 metres race in Paris (1) ….. June 16^th. Both men will want to break Cliff Holding’s world record. Holding ran the 1500 metres (2) ….. 3 minutes 28 seconds last year. Holding will also be running in Seattle (3) ….. June 14^th, two days (4) ….. the Paris meeting.

British fans have been hoping (5) ….. several months to see Crowe win back his record. He last ran against Boto (6) ….. April, when he fell and hurt himself (7) ….. the race. He was just behind Boto (8) ….. the time. The two men had not met (9) ….. the last Olympic Games in Peking. Crowe has had to rest (10) ….. his accident, but he was back in action (11) ….. seven o’clock (12) ….. Saturday evening when he won a rather slow race in Edinburgh. He hopes to be fully fit by the end of this month at the latest . If he is not fit for Paris, he will have to wait (13) ….. the Commonwealth Games. These Games take place in Ottawa (14) ….. August 14^th (15) ….. 20^th.

Translate into English using the prepositions of time.

1) Моцарт родился в Зальцбурге в 1756 году.

2) В субботу вечером я лег спать в 11 часов.

3) Возможно, меня не будет дома во вторник утром, но я, вероятно, буду днем.

4) Хэнри 63 года, и он уходит на пенсию через 2 года.

5) Сегодня утром автобус опоздал, хотя обычно он приходит вовремя.

6) Я чуть не забыл о дне рождения Мэри. К счастью, я вовремя вспомнил.

7) Я не мог решить, пойти ли мне на вечеринку. Наконец я решил не ходить.

8) К моему удивлению, в конце собеседования мне предложили работу.

9) Утром я чувствовал себя уставшим. Я оставался в постели до 10 часов.

10) Как давно ты знаком с Алисой?– Со школы.

11) Где ты был? Я жду тебя уже 20 минут.

12) В последний раз я посещал зубного врача 10 лет назад.

13) Все очень нервничали перед экзаменом.

14) Мы устали после посещения музея.

15) Она написала письмо, пока была в отпуске.

16) Мой друг будет здесь в выходные.

UNIT 3          PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

IN/ AT/ ON/ (PLACE) (1)

In: in a room, ina garden, ina building, ina town/city, ina box, ina country

At: at the bus stop, atthe top (of the page), atthe bottom (of the page),atthe door, atthe window, atthe end of the street

On: on the floor, onher nose, onthe wall, ona page, onthe door, onan island, onthe table, ontop of the mountain.

Compare inand at: There were a lot of people inthe shop. It was very crowded.

But: Go along this road, then turn left atthe shop (somebody giving directions).

Compare inand on: There is some water inthe bottle.

But: There is a label onthe bottle.

Compare at andon: There is somebody at the door. Shall I go and see who it is?

But: There is a notice onthe door. It says "Don’t disturb".

IN/ AT/ ON/ (PLACE) (2)

In: when somebody/something is: in a line, ina row, ina queue, ina street, inthe mountains, inthe north/east, etc.;

but: at 10 the High Street

in a photo, ina picture, (look at yourself) ina mirror;

in the sky, inthe world;

in a book, ina newspaper, ina magazine, ina letter but: on a page

On: when somebody/something is: on the left, onthe right; onthe ground floor, onthe first floor; ona map, onthe menu (in a restaurant),ona list, ona farm

when a place is: on the river, onthe lake, onthe road, onthe coast; onthe beach, onthe way to another place

Compare:in the corner of a room, but at the corner (or onthe corner) of a street; inthe front, inthe back of a car, but at the front, atthe back of a building (cinema, group of people, etc.); also on the front, onthe back of a letter (piece of paper etc.)

IN/ AT/ ON/ (PLACE) (3)

In: with cities, towns and villages: in Paris, inHelston;

but ator inwith the place as a point or station on a journey: We stopped at (or in) a small village on the way to London.       

when somebody is: inbed, inhospital, inprison;

butat home, atwork, atschool, atuniversity,atcollege; atsea (= ona voyage).

Compare: It was a long voyage. We were at sea for 30 days.

At:  when somebody isat an event: at a party,ata conference etc.; or to say where an event takes place: at the Odeon (cinema), atthe Royal Hall

also at the station, atthe airport; atsomebody’s house (I was atJudy’s house last night.);

but inis used to say about the building itself: The rooms inJudy’s house are very small. It was very cold inthe cinema.

On

Compare:    on a bus, on a train, on a plane, on a ship; on a bicycle, on a motorcycle, on a horse; but in a car, in a taxi.