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State the type and function of obsolete words.




1."Thou art Archaic words proper the Man!" cried Jabes, after a solemn pause, leaning over his cushion. "Seventy times seven times didst thou gapingly contort thy visage—seventy times seven did I take council with my soul—Lo! this is human weakness: this also may be absolved! The first of the seventy-first is come. Brethren—execute upon him the judgement written. Such honour have all His saints!" (E. Bronte)

2. He kept looking at the fantastic green of the jungle and then at the orange-brown earth, febrile and pulsing as though the rain were cutting wounds into it Ridges flinched before the power of it. The Lord giveth Archaic words proper and He taketh бог взял, бог забрал away, Ridges thought solemnly. (N. Mailer)

3. If manners Archaic words proper maketh man, then manner and grooming maketh poodle. (J. Steinbeck)

4. He had at his back a satchel рюкзак, which seemed to con­tain a few necessaries, a hawking gauntlet рукавица on his left hand, though he carried no bird, and in his right hand a stout hunter's pole." (W. Scott) historisms

5. My heart leaps up when I behold взирать poetic

A rainbow in the sky (W.Wordsworth)

6. Whilome когда-то in Albion’s isle there dwelt a youth,

Who ne in virtue’s ways did take delight:

But spent his days in riot most uncouth

And vex’d with mirth the drowsy ear of Night. (Byron) poetic

7. “He of the iron garment латы,” said Daigety, entering,”is bounden unto you, MacEagh, and this noble lord shall be bounden also.” (W.Scott) historism

Explain and give the present-day equivalents of the following outdated English words. Use a dictionary if necessary.

apothecary фармацевт – an old word for smb whose job was to prepare and medicins (dispenser,   pharmaceutist,   pill-peddler, apothecary

damsel – for young woman who is not married     

poesy поэзия (  poetry, rhymes)

whither куда, зачем - an old word meaning to which place

4. Give the English equivalents, state the origin and sty­listic purpose of barbarisms.

1. She caught herself criticizing his belief that, since his joke about trying to keep her out of the poorhouse шутка  had once been accepted as admirable humor, it should continue to be his daily bon mot. (S. Lewis) clever witty saying

2. Then, of course, there ought to be one or two out­siders—just to give the thing a bona fide appearance. I and Eileen could see to that могли себе представить—young people, uncritical, and with no idea of politics. (A Christie) generous kind

3. "Tyree, you got half of the profits!" Dr. Bruce shouted. "You're my de facto partner." "What that de facto mean, Doc?.." "Papa, it means you a partner in fact and in law," Fishbelly told him. "(R Wright) the matter of fact

4. And now the roof had fallen in on him. The first shock was over, the dust had settled and he could now see that his whole life was kaput. (J.Braine) no longer affective or working

Define the pattern of creation and function of the following nonce-words.

1. She was a young and unbeautiful woman. (I. Shaw) to agrivate his attitude to her

2. I'll disown отсекаться you, I' lldisinherit лишать наследства you, I'llungetуничтожатьyou! and damn проклинать me, if ever I callyou back again!(R. Sheridan) emotional features

3. Shewas . . . waiting for something to happen. Or for everything to unhappen. (Т. Нoward) to designate und significant, subjunctive deas

4. She was . . . doing duty of her waitresshood для её работы официанткой. (T. Howard) ) to designate und significant, subjunctive deas

5. His youngness юная неопытность and singlemindedness всецелореданность  were obvious enough. (J.D. Salinger.) ) to designate und significant, subjunctive deas

6. You are becoming tireder and tireder. (E. Hemingway) to designate und significant, subjunctive deals to designate und significant, subjunctive deals

7. So: I'm not just talented. I'm geniused обгениалел. (Sh. Delaney) to designate und significant, subjunctive deals to designate und significant, subjunctive deals

8. To think that I should have lived to be good-morninged by Belladonna Took’s son. (A. Tolkien) to designate und significant, subjunctive deals

9. David, in his new grown-upness взрослое амплуа, had already a sort of authority. (I. Murdoch) to designate und significant, subjunctive deals

Indicate slang words in the following examples.

1. Bejees, if you think you can play me for an easy mark, you've come to the wrong house. No one ever played Harry Hope for a sucker сосунок! (E. O'Neill)

2.  A cove пещера couldn't be too careful. (D. Cusack)

3. I've often thought you'd make a corking сногсшибательный good actress. (Th. Dreiser)

5. I steered him into a side street where it was dark and propped him against a wall and gave him a frisk обыск. (E. O'Neill)

6."George," she said, "you're a rotten liar. . . The part about the peace of Europe is all bosh чепуха – rot ." (A. Christie)

7. All these medical bastards should go through the ops they put other people through. Then they wouldn’t talk so much bloody nonsense or be so damnably unutterably невыразимо smug снобизм, пафосный. (D. Cusack)

8. Don’t wanna sleep, Don’t wanna die, just wanna go a-travelin through the pastures пастбище of the sky. (T. Capote)

Make this conversation more informal by changing some of the words. Use the words from the table.

Quid соверен или фунт стерлингов Bike мотоцикл   place метро cab такси phone    Mum   Dad    fridge холодтльник place  

-Annie, can you lend me five pounds?

- What for?

- Well, I have to go and visit my mother and father, and my bicycle’s not working, so I’ll have to take a taxi.

- Can’t you telephone them and say you can’t come?

- Well, I could, except I want to go because they always have lots of food, and the refrigerator at our flat is empty, as usual.

- Can’t you go by Underground?

- Erm…

- Anyway, the answer’s no.

 

-Annie, can you lend me five Quids?

- What for?

- Well, I have to go and visit my Mumand Dad, and my bike not working, so I’ll have to take a cab.

- Can’t you phone them and say you can’t come?

- Well, I could, except I want to go because they always have lots of food, and the fridge at ourplaceis empty, as usual.

- Can’t you go by tube?

- Erm…

- Anyway, the answer’s no.

Paraphrase so as to show the different uses of the verb TO DO.

The verb to do is used in a number of different ways in English. Here are the main uses of the verb to do for reference, self-study and in-class use. To do can be used as an auxiliary verb, a verb to speak about action in general, as well as combining with many nouns to express taking care of various tasks.

Examples:

To Do - Main Verb

To do is used as a principal verb in many set phrases used with the various tasks we do around the house and at work. To do is generally used to express tasks we do, rather than things we make. Of course, there are some exceptions to the rules. Here are some of the main set phrases about tasks we do:

do good
do the dishes
do sport
do exercise
do business
do homework
do yard work

Examples:

I'll do the dishes if you make dinner.
Sheila tries to do sport at least three times a week.
He's done that exercise a number of times.

NOTE: To do exercise is used with a number of different types of exercise. Generally, we use 'play' with competitive sports, 'go' with activities such as walking, riding, and hiking. 'Do' is used with exercises such as yoga, karate, etc.

Examples:

Jennifer did yoga for two hours this morning.
I try to do some exercises like sit-ups and push-ups every morning.
James does pilates at his local gym.











To Do - Auxiliary Verb

To do is also used as an auxiliary verb in the simple tenses. Remember that the auxiliary verb takes the conjugation in English, so the verb to do will change depending on the tense. Remember that 'to do' is used as an auxiliary verb only in the question and negative form. Here is a quick review of the tenses that use to do as an auxiliary verb:

Present simple:

Examples:

She doesn't like tofu.
Do you enjoy rock 'n roll?

Past Simple:

Examples:

Mary didn't visit her aunt last week.
Did they talk about the economy?



To Do - General Use Verb

To do is used as the main verb when asking general questions about what happens, is happening, is going to happen, etc.

Examples:

What are you doing?
What will you do?
What have they done?
What do you do on Saturdays?
etc.

1. Have you done your homework?

2. I have to do a sum. сalculate

3. Will you please do your room? clean

4. Who does the cooking in your family? prepaes

5. Go and do your teeth! brush

6. I like the way you do your hair. cut

7. They do fish very well in this restaurant. fried

8. What subjects do you do at the University? study

9. This car can do 80 miles an hour. runs

10. What do you do for a living? how do you earn

11. That won’t do.

12. If you say it again, I’ll do you! Kill u

 

Recommended literature:

1) Galperin I.R. Stylistics –M.: Higher School, 1977.- P. 9-25,70-119.

2) Арнольд И.В. Стилистика. Современный английский язык: Учебник для вузов.- 4-е изд., испр. и доп.- М.: Флинта: Наука, 2002.- С. 13-18.

3) Гуревич В.В. English Stylistics. Стилистика английского языка: учеб. пособие/ В.В.Гуревич.- 4-е изд.-М.: Флинта: Наука, 2009.- С. 3-4, 6-10.

4) Скребнев Ю.М. Основы стилистики английского языка: Учебник для ин-тов и фак. иностр. яз.-2-е изд., испр.- М.: ООО «Издательство АСТ»: ООО «Издательство Астрель», 2000.- С. 24-27.










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