ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MUST BE GLOBAL

That the problem of pollution and ecology has become the most important one for mankind is evident. The more civilization is developing, the greater the ecological problems are becoming. Air and water pollution is now reaching tremendous proportions. In our era ecological problem is changing from a national to an international one.

However, our scientific knowledge and technological advancement make it possible to eliminate pollution, if people use good will and make considerable investments for that purpose. The development of natural resources on a global scale is already possible from a scientific and technical standpoint. Large-scale experimental work in this area is successfully being carried out.

At present scientists in industrially developed countries are working out the theory of interaction of all the atmospheric and oceanic global processes that determine the climate and weather of the world. Increasing growth of population, industrialization and the use of natural resources are slowly but surely changing the global climate and water balance.

The essential feature in the environmental protection is that many problems can be solved only on the level of world community. Therefore the planning of protection against pollution by human society as a whole is necessary today and in the nearest future. It is important to develop an international programme to study data on land, forest, atmospheric and oceanic resources.

People are beginning to realize that environmental problems are their own ones. They join and support various international organizations and green parties. If we protect our environment together, we will be able to avoid the disaster that threatens the world and all of us.

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What must be done to solve the problem of protecting the environment throughout the world?

Перепишите и переведите предложения. Помните, что перевод сложных форм инфинитива и инфинитивных оборотов соответствует придаточным предложениям.

1. The video card can be installed in the computer.

2. They are glad to have used this new scanner.

3. A new personal computer happened to have been bought by my friend.

Перепишите и переведите предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого причастных оборотов.

1. Choosing a printer, pay attention to its resolution.

2. The peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer.

3. The information being useful, we called the computer engineer.

Перепишите и переведите предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод условных предложений.

1. If he calls me, I will help him with installing the device.

2. If he were here, he would explain the error in storing this information.

3. If they had visited the USA, they would have studied the computer market there.

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WHAT IS A COMPUTER?

Computers and their many applications turned out to be among the most significant technical achievements of the century. If people only have known how the appearance of computers would have changed their life. They brought with them both economic and social changes.

A computer is a machine with a complex network of electronic circuits. A computer proves to be capable of storing and manipulating numbers, letters, and characters (symbols). The basic job of computers is processing of information. Thus computers can be defined as devices which accept information in the form of instructions, called a program, and characters, called data. Then they perform mathematical and/or logical operations on the information and give out results of these operations. The program, which tells the computers what to do, and the data, which provide the information needed to solve the problem are kept inside the computer in a place called memory.

A computer can solve a series of problems and make thousands of logical decisions very fast without being tired. A computer can replace people in dull routine work. There are times when a computer seems to operate like a mechanical “brain”, but its achievements are limited by the minds of human being. A computer cannot do anything unless a person tells it what to do and gives it the necessary information.

Computers influenced the quality of our life. Informed people of our society should be computer-literate, which means that they should be able to use computers as everyday problem-solving devices.

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How did computers influence our society and our people?

ВАРИАНТ IV

Перепишите предложения. Выпишите из них глаголы-сказуемые, определите их видовременные формы, залог и укажите инфинитив. Переведитепредложения.

1. A new concept is based on our understanding that Earth is an integral system.

2. The air in many towns and cities is being polluted by traffic and industry.

3. Many of the water sources in the country have been polluted with industrial or communal waste.

4. Some progress was made in environmental protection.

Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1. People are beginning to realize that environmental problems are their own ones.

2. That ecological problems have become the most important ones at present is evident.

3. It is difficult for mankind to predict changes in the environment.

4. Lead is a toxic substance that can be quickly absorbed by the human organism.

Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов tobe, tohave, todo.

1. 159 member-countries of the United Nations Organization have set up environmental protection agencies.

2. There are numerous public organizations such as Greenpeace that are doing much to preserve environment.

3. Usually surface water has to undergo more purification steps than ground-water to become suitable to drink.

4. Did pollution problems receive great publicity?

Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1. Industrial enterprises pollute the land we live on.

2. The application of pesticides the agricultural sector uses causes emissions of many toxic chemicals.

Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. To establish standards of air quality is very important in the towns with a high level of pollution.

2. Copernics was the first to explain properly our solar system.

3. Perhaps we will be able to avoid the disaster that threatens the natural world and all of us.

4. Russia and the United States are carrying out joint projects to study and protect ecosystems.

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